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Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação visa estudar o fenómeno das criptomoedas, não de um ponto de vista holístico, mas aplicado especificamente ao ramo do Direito da Insolvência, sobretudo percebendo de que forma deve o processo insolvencial ser conduzido e adaptado às especificidades desta nova realidade, para que possam ser apreendidas e liquidadas as criptomoedas de que possa ser detentor um eventual insolvente. Partindo do pressuposto de que as criptomoedas, maxime a Bitcoin, devem ser equiparadas à moeda convencional, uma vez que foi criada com o propósito de constituir um meio de pagamento alternativo e descentralizado, cabe avaliar o tratamento jurídico que mais se conforma com os princípios e objetivos do processo de insolvência. Por ser uma nova forma de dinheiro, embora sui generis, surgem novos problemas no contexto insolvencial, sobretudo pelo facto de estarmos perante uma figura que possui a característica de pseudoanonimato, existindo transações que não revelam a identidade das partes, o que obriga a olhar para institutos clássicos, como o caso da resolução em benefício da massa insolvente, com um olhar progressista e adaptado.
The present dissertation aims to study the phenomenon of cryptocurrencies, not from a holistic perspective, but specifically applied to the field of Insolvency Law. It primarily seeks to understand how the insolvency process should be conducted and adapted to the specificities of this new reality, in order to seize and liquidate any cryptocurrencies that a potential insolvent individual may possess. Starting from the assumption that cryptocurrencies, especially Bitcoin, should be equated with conventional currency, given that they were created with the purpose of establishing an alternative and decentralized means of payment, it is necessary to assess the legal treatment that best aligns with the principles and objectives of the insolvency process. Due to being a new form of money, albeit unique, new issues arise in the context of insolvency, particularly because we are dealing with a concept that features pseudonymity. There are transactions that do not reveal the identities of the parties involved, necessitating a progressive and adapted approach when examining classical legal concepts, such as the resolution for the benefit of the insolvent estate.
The present dissertation aims to study the phenomenon of cryptocurrencies, not from a holistic perspective, but specifically applied to the field of Insolvency Law. It primarily seeks to understand how the insolvency process should be conducted and adapted to the specificities of this new reality, in order to seize and liquidate any cryptocurrencies that a potential insolvent individual may possess. Starting from the assumption that cryptocurrencies, especially Bitcoin, should be equated with conventional currency, given that they were created with the purpose of establishing an alternative and decentralized means of payment, it is necessary to assess the legal treatment that best aligns with the principles and objectives of the insolvency process. Due to being a new form of money, albeit unique, new issues arise in the context of insolvency, particularly because we are dealing with a concept that features pseudonymity. There are transactions that do not reveal the identities of the parties involved, necessitating a progressive and adapted approach when examining classical legal concepts, such as the resolution for the benefit of the insolvent estate.
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Keywords
Criptomoedas Insolvência Insolvente Apreensão Liquidação Cryptocurrencies Insolvency Insolvent Seized Liquidation