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Authors
Abstract(s)
Esta investigação tomou por objeto de estudo a promoção da adaptação da mulher ao cancro da mama, privilegiando a sua monitorização ao longo do percurso assistencial, assim como selecionando as intervenções de enfermagem mais orientadas para a sua promoção. Neste contexto e na procura de um cuidado em enfermagem mais significativo para estas pessoas, desenvolvemos e efectuámos uma validação preliminar do “Instrumento de monitorização da adaptação da mulher ao cancro da mama” e definimos ainda um painel de intervenções de enfermagem promotoras dessa adaptação. Para efeitos da construção do instrumento, recorremos a um percurso de investigação ancorado nos princípios dos estudos de perfil metodológico. Na definição do painel de intervenções, recorremos a procedimentos de geração de consensos, a partir de material disponível na literatura e aquele que constava nos sistemas de informação e documentação de enfermagem de uma instituição especializada na assistência em doenças oncológicas. O instrumento de medida abrange áreas chave no domínio da disciplina de enfermagem e que se demonstram significativas nas situações de doença crónica em geral, e no cancro da mama em particular. As dimensões identificadas foram: i) Otimismo; ii) Esperança; iii) Desempenho de papéis; iv) Comunicação/expressão de sentimentos; v) Cumprimento do plano terapêutico. Os resultados apurados, relativamente à validade e fidelidade do instrumento construído são bastante robustos, demonstrando um enorme potencial para pesquisa futura e de utilização clínica na área em estudo. O painel de intervenções de enfermagem identificado e consensualizado demonstra um enorme potencial para ser utilizado no contexto clínico, com o objetivo de apoiar as mulheres com doença oncológica da mama no processo adaptativo, estando muito direcionado, em termos intencionalidade terapêutica, para a capacitação das mulheres para “prevenirem complicações”, desenvolverem “competências de autocuidado” e para a “gestão do regime terapêutico”. Concluímos que o instrumento de monitorização da adaptação das mulheres e o painel de intervenções desenvolvidos na presente investigação representam um esforço de formalização do conhecimento específico de enfermagem, associado à área de atenção em estudo.
In search for further significant nursing care, we developed an adaptation monitoring tool for the above mentioned – "adaptation monitoring instrument for women with breast cancer" – and set a nursing interventions panel promoting it. In terms of methodological options to achieve such monitoring instrument, we walked a path anchored on the principles of methodological profile studies. In order to define the nursing interventions panel to promote these women’s adaptation we used procedures to generate consensus, beginning with material available in literature and in what was available in the information systems and nursing documentation of an institution specialized in assisting patients with oncological diseases, namely breast cancer. The measuring instrument covers key areas within the scope of the subject and is clearly developing as regards chronic diseases and breast cancer, in particular. It consists of five dimensions that characterize women’s adaptation, as soon as they are diagnosed, from a nursing perspective. The identified dimensions refer to: i) Optimism; ii) Hope; iii) Role playing; iv) Communication/expression of feelings; v) Plan Compliance. Results regarding the validity and accuracy of the instrument built, are quite encouraging and robust, which broadens its enormous research potential and clinical use. The agreed and identified panel of nursing interventions consists of nursing interventions that potentially promote adaptation to breast cancer, imbued with dominant intents to empower women so as to "prevent complications," to develop "self-care skills" as well as "therapeutic regimen management. " According to our reading and standardized posture, the identified intents are very aligned with helping people in transition – the aim of nursing. Both the monitoring instrument and the interventions panel agreed represent an effort to formalize nursing knowledge associated with the field at stake in this study.
In search for further significant nursing care, we developed an adaptation monitoring tool for the above mentioned – "adaptation monitoring instrument for women with breast cancer" – and set a nursing interventions panel promoting it. In terms of methodological options to achieve such monitoring instrument, we walked a path anchored on the principles of methodological profile studies. In order to define the nursing interventions panel to promote these women’s adaptation we used procedures to generate consensus, beginning with material available in literature and in what was available in the information systems and nursing documentation of an institution specialized in assisting patients with oncological diseases, namely breast cancer. The measuring instrument covers key areas within the scope of the subject and is clearly developing as regards chronic diseases and breast cancer, in particular. It consists of five dimensions that characterize women’s adaptation, as soon as they are diagnosed, from a nursing perspective. The identified dimensions refer to: i) Optimism; ii) Hope; iii) Role playing; iv) Communication/expression of feelings; v) Plan Compliance. Results regarding the validity and accuracy of the instrument built, are quite encouraging and robust, which broadens its enormous research potential and clinical use. The agreed and identified panel of nursing interventions consists of nursing interventions that potentially promote adaptation to breast cancer, imbued with dominant intents to empower women so as to "prevent complications," to develop "self-care skills" as well as "therapeutic regimen management. " According to our reading and standardized posture, the identified intents are very aligned with helping people in transition – the aim of nursing. Both the monitoring instrument and the interventions panel agreed represent an effort to formalize nursing knowledge associated with the field at stake in this study.
Description
Keywords
Adaptação Cancro da mama Intervenções de enfermagem Adaptation Breast cancer Therapeutic intervention