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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A capacidade funcional permite que o indivíduo realize as atividades de vida
diária, de forma independente e autónoma, na sociedade. As funções executivas, a memória
e a velocidade de processamento podem influenciar a capacidade de os indivíduos
permanecerem, independentes, nas atividades de vida diária. A realização destas
atividades, pode também variar, em função do sexo. Pretendeu-se explorar a relação entre
as funções executivas, a memória, a velocidade de processamento e a capacidade funcional,
no envelhecimento saudável, averiguar se capacidade funcional varia em função do sexo e
estudar a aplicabilidade da UPSA-2, na avaliação da capacidade funcional, na população
saudável, com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos.
Metodologia: A amostra de conveniência deste estudo transversal foi constituída por 65
idosos, cognitivamente saudáveis, com idades compreendidas entre os 60 e os 92 anos. As
funções executivas foram avaliadas através do TMT (B-A/A), do Stroop e da Fluência
Verbal Fonológica, a memória através da Memória Lógica II e a velocidade de
processamento através do TMT-A. A capacidade funcional foi avaliada através da UPSA2. Foram realizadas análises de correlação, regressões lineares e testes de comparação de
médias.
Resultados: Verificou-se uma relação significativa entre o desempenho funcional e a
memória episódica, a velocidade de processamento e as funções executivas,
nomeadamente, a fluência verbal fonológica, evidenciando, poder preditivo, na capacidade
funcional. A memória revelou-se o maior preditor significativo da capacidade funcional,
comparativamente aos restantes domínios cognitivos, explicando 55.8% da variação no
desempenho da UPSA-2. Não se verificaram diferenças significativas entre sexos, no
desempenho total da UPSA-2.
Conclusão: Este estudo permite elucidar a importância dos mecanismos cognitivos para a
realização das atividades de vida diária, na sua integridade, fornecendo evidências para a
importância da adoção de programas de estimulação cognitiva, focados na prevenção do
declínio funcional. Faculta, ainda, uma prova de conceito com suporte para a viabilidade e
utilidade clínica da UPSA-2, na avaliação da capacidade funcional, na população idosa
Introduction: Functional capacity allows the individual to perform activities of daily living, independently and autonomously, in society. Executive functions, memory and processing speed can influence the ability of individuals to remain independent in activities of daily living. The performance of these activities, may also vary, depending on gender. It was intended to explore the relationship between executive functions, memory, processing speed and functional capacity, in healthy aging, to ascertain whether functional capacity varies according to sex and to study the applicability of UPSA-2, in the assessment of functional capacity, in the healthy population, aged 60 or over. Methodology: The convenience sample of this cross-sectional study consisted of 65 elderly people, cognitively healthy, aged between 60 and 92 years. Executive functions were assessed using TMT (B-A/A), Stroop and Phonological Verbal Fluency, memory through Logical Memory II and processing speed through TMT-A. Functional capacity was assessed using UPSA-2. Correlation analyzes, linear regressions and means comparison tests were performed. Results: There was a significant relationship between functional performance and episodic memory, processing speed and executive functions, namely, phonological verbal fluency, showing predictive power in functional capacity. Memory proved to be the biggest significant predictor of functional capacity, compared to the other cognitive domains, explaining 55.8% of the variation in the performance of UPSA-2. There were no significant differences between genders, in the total performance of UPSA-2. Conclusion: This study made it possible to elucidate the importance of cognitive mechanisms for carrying out activities of daily living, in their entirety, providing evidence for the importance of adopting cognitive stimulation programs, focused on preventing functional decline. It also provided a proof of concept with support for the viability and clinical utility of UPSA-2, in the assessment of functional capacity, in the elderly population
Introduction: Functional capacity allows the individual to perform activities of daily living, independently and autonomously, in society. Executive functions, memory and processing speed can influence the ability of individuals to remain independent in activities of daily living. The performance of these activities, may also vary, depending on gender. It was intended to explore the relationship between executive functions, memory, processing speed and functional capacity, in healthy aging, to ascertain whether functional capacity varies according to sex and to study the applicability of UPSA-2, in the assessment of functional capacity, in the healthy population, aged 60 or over. Methodology: The convenience sample of this cross-sectional study consisted of 65 elderly people, cognitively healthy, aged between 60 and 92 years. Executive functions were assessed using TMT (B-A/A), Stroop and Phonological Verbal Fluency, memory through Logical Memory II and processing speed through TMT-A. Functional capacity was assessed using UPSA-2. Correlation analyzes, linear regressions and means comparison tests were performed. Results: There was a significant relationship between functional performance and episodic memory, processing speed and executive functions, namely, phonological verbal fluency, showing predictive power in functional capacity. Memory proved to be the biggest significant predictor of functional capacity, compared to the other cognitive domains, explaining 55.8% of the variation in the performance of UPSA-2. There were no significant differences between genders, in the total performance of UPSA-2. Conclusion: This study made it possible to elucidate the importance of cognitive mechanisms for carrying out activities of daily living, in their entirety, providing evidence for the importance of adopting cognitive stimulation programs, focused on preventing functional decline. It also provided a proof of concept with support for the viability and clinical utility of UPSA-2, in the assessment of functional capacity, in the elderly population
Description
Keywords
Envelhecimento saudável Capacidade funcional Funções executivas Memória Velocidade de processamento Sexo UPSA Healthy aging Functional capacity Executive functions Memory Processing speed Sex