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Abstract(s)
Nesta dissertação, estudamos a compreensão do significado teológico da concelebração eucarística nos debates e documentos do Concílio Vaticano II e da reforma litúrgica pós-conciliar. No primeiro capítulo, procuramos elaborar uma síntese conceptual e histórica sobre alguns temas relacionados com o nosso objeto: o conceito de «celebrar» a liturgia como um conceito inicialmente coletivo e não apenas ministerial, a «concelebração» como celebração eclesial, e não apenas como celebração de vários ministros sacerdotes. Além disso, apresentar o sacerdócio cristão na sua dupla manifestação (real e ministerial) como uma realidade que está em íntima ligação com a concelebração eucarística. No segundo capítulo, procuramos apresentar algumas fontes que nos permitam reconhecer que significado teológico foi sendo reconhecido à concelebração eucarística ao longo do tempo. Na Igreja Antiga, a concelebração era sinal da comunhão da Igreja Local, de hospitalidade eucarística e da unidade da «ordem sacerdotal» (Bispo e presbíteros). Na Idade Média, focamonos na realidade da celebração das chamadas «missas privadas» e nos debates Escolásticos sobre a possibilidade da «co-consagração» (as posições eram variadas). Por tudo isto, a concelebração eucarística tornara-se rara em contexto latino, manifestando sobretudo o exercício ministerial sacerdotal do poder de consagrar a oblação eucarística. No terceiro capítulo, apresentamos o contributo do Movimento Litúrgico: acentuar que a concelebração manifesta a unidade da Igreja. Nos debates conciliares existe equilíbrio entre o significado eclesiológico e a preocupação em compreender teologicamente a concelebração como uma ação colegial sacerdotal ministerial. Na reforma litúrgica, surge declaradamente a tríplice unidade presente na reflexão conciliar. A concelebração eucarística manifesta mais claramente: a unidade do Sacrifício da Cruz, do sacerdócio ministerial e de todo o povo de Deus.
In this dissertation, we study the understanding of the theological meaning of eucharistic concelebration in the discussions and documents of the Second Vatican Council and the postconciliar liturgical reform. In the first chapter, we try to draw up a conceptual and historical synthesis of some themes related to our main subject: the concept of «celebrating» the liturgy as initially a collective concept and not just a ministerial one, «concelebration» as an ecclesial celebration, and not just as a celebration of various priestly ministers. Furthermore, to present the Christian priesthood in its twofold manifestation (royal and ministerial) as a reality that is closely linked to the eucharistic concelebration. In the second chapter, we try to present some sources that allow us to recognise what theological significance has been given to eucharistic concelebration over time. In the Ancient Church, concelebration was a sign of the communion of the Local Church, of eucharistic hospitality and of the unity of the «priestly order» (Bishop and presbyters). In the Middle Ages, we focus on the reality of the celebration of so-called «private Masses» and on the Scholastic debates about the possibility of «co-consecration» (the positions varied). For all this, eucharistic concelebration had become rare in the Latin context, manifesting above all the priestly ministerial exercise of the power to consecrate the eucharistic oblation. In the third chapter, we present the contribution of the Liturgical Movement: emphasise that concelebration manifests the unity of the Church. In the conciliar debates, there is a balance between the ecclesiological meaning and the concern to theologically understand concelebration as a ministerial priestly collegial action. In the liturgical reform, the threefold unity present in the conciliar reflection emerges openly. The eucharistic concelebration manifests more clearly: the unity of the Sacrifice of the Cross, of the ministerial priesthood and of the entire people of God.
In this dissertation, we study the understanding of the theological meaning of eucharistic concelebration in the discussions and documents of the Second Vatican Council and the postconciliar liturgical reform. In the first chapter, we try to draw up a conceptual and historical synthesis of some themes related to our main subject: the concept of «celebrating» the liturgy as initially a collective concept and not just a ministerial one, «concelebration» as an ecclesial celebration, and not just as a celebration of various priestly ministers. Furthermore, to present the Christian priesthood in its twofold manifestation (royal and ministerial) as a reality that is closely linked to the eucharistic concelebration. In the second chapter, we try to present some sources that allow us to recognise what theological significance has been given to eucharistic concelebration over time. In the Ancient Church, concelebration was a sign of the communion of the Local Church, of eucharistic hospitality and of the unity of the «priestly order» (Bishop and presbyters). In the Middle Ages, we focus on the reality of the celebration of so-called «private Masses» and on the Scholastic debates about the possibility of «co-consecration» (the positions varied). For all this, eucharistic concelebration had become rare in the Latin context, manifesting above all the priestly ministerial exercise of the power to consecrate the eucharistic oblation. In the third chapter, we present the contribution of the Liturgical Movement: emphasise that concelebration manifests the unity of the Church. In the conciliar debates, there is a balance between the ecclesiological meaning and the concern to theologically understand concelebration as a ministerial priestly collegial action. In the liturgical reform, the threefold unity present in the conciliar reflection emerges openly. The eucharistic concelebration manifests more clearly: the unity of the Sacrifice of the Cross, of the ministerial priesthood and of the entire people of God.