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Abstract(s)
A Lei n.º 75/2013, de 12 de setembro, que aprovou a LAL, determinou um
regime próprio para a delegação de competências dos municípios para as entidades intermunicipais, nos seus artigos 128.º e seguintes. Uma parte da doutrina que se debruçou sobre o assunto refere que esta delegação
de competências é uma delegação “para cima”, na medida em que estamos perante uma entidade que tem um âmbito maior que o dos municípios, sendo-lhes, consequentemente, superior. Contudo, não consideramos que assim seja. Em primeiro lugar, porque, na
organização administrativa autárquica, as entidades intermunicipais não podem ser consideradas como autarquias locais, devido ao princípio da tipicidade, que se encontra presente na CRP. Além disso, há ainda que ter em consideração que esta delegação de competências tem como finalidade permitir que alguns problemas jurídicos que se situam ao nível das autarquias locais, mas que o território de cada um dos 308
municípios não consegue resolver. Temos igualmente de ter em conta os princípios fundamentais que se encontram presentes no direito autárquico, como a autonomia local e a subsidiariedade, que levam a concluir estarmos perante uma forma que permite que os municípios giram da melhor forma os seus interesses e que permite possibilite que problemas que tenham na sua origem um âmbito muito mais vasto que o território municipal sejam passíveis de uma mais eficaz solução.
A delegação de competências tem ainda por base um contrato
interadministrativo, que tem em vista o exercício da atividade administrativa e no qual as duas entidades contratantes se encontram num plano de igualdade jurídica.
Desta forma, sem ter por base nenhuma opção política, tendo em conta apenas que a delegação em questão tem por base a cooperação e a coordenação da atividade municipal, questionamo-nos, se não seria mais adequado criar novas entidades autárquicas locais, que tenham como funçãoo precisamente a coordenação e a cooperação de toda a atividade autárquica, incluindo municípios e freguesias. Entretanto, até lá, a forma encontrada pelo legislador, parece resolver cabalmente a questão.
The law of Local Authorities from the 12th September 2013 has approved a new legal framework about delegation of powers between municipalities and intermunicipal entities. Some authors think that this is the kind of delegation “from above”, because intermunicipal entities include a bigger territory than the municipal authority itself, which makes the former a superior authority. However our opinion does not go on that direction: firstly because the Portuguese local public organization does not allow the qualification of intermunicipal entities as a local authority, considering the “legal type” principle that states that local authorities can only be administrative regions, municipalities and civil parishes (freguesias) (art. 236. º of the Portuguese Constitution). Secondly, this delegation of powers has the purpose of coordinating those local authorities which ask for a legal way to solve problems that affect a major territory and population than the ones of a single municipality. Additionally, we need to take into account the fundamental principles of the municipal law, such as Local Autonomy and Subsidiarity. It derives from these principles that the delegation of competences between municipalities and intermunicipal entities is a good solution for the former, since it enables them to best manage their own interests. Furthermore, it permits that problems which are originated in a broader area than the municipalities’ jurisdiction can be solved in a more efficient way. The above-mentioned delegation of competences is based on a interadministrative contract to the pursuance of administrative activity and in which both parties are legally equal. Without having a political opinion about the administrative regions, which were not approved by the referendum of 1998, we believe that the function of coordinating the action in a larger territory is for the moment the best solution that could be found to solve problems of a larger territory that the municipality could not do by itself neither in a legal way nor in an efficient one.
The law of Local Authorities from the 12th September 2013 has approved a new legal framework about delegation of powers between municipalities and intermunicipal entities. Some authors think that this is the kind of delegation “from above”, because intermunicipal entities include a bigger territory than the municipal authority itself, which makes the former a superior authority. However our opinion does not go on that direction: firstly because the Portuguese local public organization does not allow the qualification of intermunicipal entities as a local authority, considering the “legal type” principle that states that local authorities can only be administrative regions, municipalities and civil parishes (freguesias) (art. 236. º of the Portuguese Constitution). Secondly, this delegation of powers has the purpose of coordinating those local authorities which ask for a legal way to solve problems that affect a major territory and population than the ones of a single municipality. Additionally, we need to take into account the fundamental principles of the municipal law, such as Local Autonomy and Subsidiarity. It derives from these principles that the delegation of competences between municipalities and intermunicipal entities is a good solution for the former, since it enables them to best manage their own interests. Furthermore, it permits that problems which are originated in a broader area than the municipalities’ jurisdiction can be solved in a more efficient way. The above-mentioned delegation of competences is based on a interadministrative contract to the pursuance of administrative activity and in which both parties are legally equal. Without having a political opinion about the administrative regions, which were not approved by the referendum of 1998, we believe that the function of coordinating the action in a larger territory is for the moment the best solution that could be found to solve problems of a larger territory that the municipality could not do by itself neither in a legal way nor in an efficient one.
Description
Keywords
Entidades intermunicipais Municípios Regiões administrativas Delegação de competências Contrato interadministrativo Itermunicipal entities Municipalities Administrative regions Interadministrative contract Delegation of powers