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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As doenças orais são um sério problema de saúde pública, sendo as doenças não transmissíveis com maior prevalência mundial. Em Portugal, os indicadores de saúde oral encontram-se abaixo da média europeia. Existem necessidades de cuidados de saúde oral, de diferentes naturezas, que não se encontram satisfeitas, sendo a barreira financeira um dos principais obstáculos, senão o principal, a uma melhor saúde oral da população.
Para colmatar esta carência e efetivar o acesso da população a consultas de medicina dentária, surge em 2008, no âmbito do Programa Nacional de Promoção da Saúde Oral, o cheque-dentista, destinado a grupos considerados vulneráveis, assegurando cuidados de saúde oral preventivos e curativos.
O projeto de intervenção comunitária decorreu numa Unidade de Saúde Pública, em que, em dois dos seus concelhos, existiu um aumento do índice de CPOD (dentes perdidos, cariados e obturados), nas crianças e jovens (7, 10 e 13 anos de idade), e onde os números de utilização do cheque se situam abaixo da média nacional. Teve como foco a promoção da saúde oral, através da criação de estratégias para aumentar a utilização do cheque-dentista nestas coortes. Foi suportado na metodologia do planeamento em saúde de Tavares (1990), e no referencial teórico do Modelo de Promoção da Saúde de Nola Pender. Para o diagnóstico de situação recorreu-se à metodologia qualitativa, com a realização de entrevistas. Foi identificada como intervenção prioritária a melhoria das vias de transmissão da informação, relativa à utilização e benefícios do cheque-dentista, dirigida aos encarregados de educação. Consoante os objetivos e estratégias selecionadas foram realizadas atividades, que permitiram a criação de documentação e melhoria das vias de transmissão de informação que favorecessem a consecução do comportamento de promoção de saúde desejado.
O projeto permitiu a aquisição de competências como mestre e especialista em enfermagem comunitária, na área de enfermagem de saúde comunitária e de saúde pública.
Oral diseases are a serious public health problem, they are the non-transmissible diseases with the highest prevalence worldwide. In Portugal, oral health indicators are below the European average. There are oral health care needs of different natures that are not met, and the financial barrier is one of the obstacles, if not the main one, to better oral health of the population. In order to fill this lack and allow the population's access to dental consultations, in 2008, within the framework of the National Program for the Promotion of Oral Health, the dentist voucher was created, intended for groups considered vulnerable, ensuring preventive and curative oral health care. The community intervention project took place in a Public Health Unit, in which, in two of its municipalities, there was an increase in the CPOD index (lost, decayed and filled teeth), in children and young people (7, 10 and 13 years of age), and where the numbers of use of the voucher are below the national average. It focused on the promotion of oral health, through the creation of strategies to increase the use of the dentist voucher in these cohorts. It was supported in Tavares' health planning methodology (1990), and in the theoretical framework of Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model. For the diagnosis of the situation, the qualitative methodology was used, performing interviews. The identified priority intervention was to improve the transmission of information, concerning the use and benefits of the dentist voucher, addressed to parents. Depending on the objectives and strategies selected, activities were carried out, which allowed the creation of documentation and improvement of the transmission of information that favored the achievement of the desired health promotion behavior. The project allowed the acquisition of competencies as a master and specialist in community nursing, in the area of community health nursing and public health.
Oral diseases are a serious public health problem, they are the non-transmissible diseases with the highest prevalence worldwide. In Portugal, oral health indicators are below the European average. There are oral health care needs of different natures that are not met, and the financial barrier is one of the obstacles, if not the main one, to better oral health of the population. In order to fill this lack and allow the population's access to dental consultations, in 2008, within the framework of the National Program for the Promotion of Oral Health, the dentist voucher was created, intended for groups considered vulnerable, ensuring preventive and curative oral health care. The community intervention project took place in a Public Health Unit, in which, in two of its municipalities, there was an increase in the CPOD index (lost, decayed and filled teeth), in children and young people (7, 10 and 13 years of age), and where the numbers of use of the voucher are below the national average. It focused on the promotion of oral health, through the creation of strategies to increase the use of the dentist voucher in these cohorts. It was supported in Tavares' health planning methodology (1990), and in the theoretical framework of Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model. For the diagnosis of the situation, the qualitative methodology was used, performing interviews. The identified priority intervention was to improve the transmission of information, concerning the use and benefits of the dentist voucher, addressed to parents. Depending on the objectives and strategies selected, activities were carried out, which allowed the creation of documentation and improvement of the transmission of information that favored the achievement of the desired health promotion behavior. The project allowed the acquisition of competencies as a master and specialist in community nursing, in the area of community health nursing and public health.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem comunitária Saúde oral Crianças Cheque-dentista Promoção da saúde Community nursing Oral health Children Dentist voucher Health promotion