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Abstract(s)
Objetivos: Comparar os comportamentos de saúde oral e a autoperceção da necessidade de tratamento em populações adultas com e sem deficiência intelectual. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo de prevalência numa amostra de conveniência de 480 indivíduos com idades compreendidas entre os 18-64 anos (240 indivíduos com deficiência intelectual leve filiados na HUMANITAS e 240 sem deficiência, utentes da Clínica Universitária da Universidade Católica Portuguesa), através da aplicação de um questionário sociodemográfico e de saúde oral onde se pretende avaliar: número de dentes naturais; frequência e técnicas de higienização; periodicidade e motivo das consultas médico-dentárias; autoperceção da condição oral e necessidade de tratamentos. A análise estatística foi realizada no software SPSS versão 22.0, com recurso aos testes estatísticos Qui-Quadrado e Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Relativamente à condição oral da população com deficiência verificou-se que 32,9% dos indivíduos tinha menos de 20 dentes, valor este superior ao da população sem deficiência (10%). Também a percentagem de higienização oral diária foi inferior na população com deficiência (79,6% vs 94,2%), assim como o uso de fio dentário (7,1% vs 47,1%) ou elixir (24,1% vs 49,2%). Verificámos ainda nos indivíduos com deficiência uma menor percentagem de consultas médico-dentárias nos últimos 6 meses (28,4% vs 59,2%), especialmente por motivo de rotina (18,8% vs 46,3%), uma maior autoperceção da necessidade de tratamento (75,2% vs 56,7%), e uma autoperceção menos favorável da condição oral, já que menos de metade (37,4% vs 56,2%) da amostra descreveu a sua condição oral como boa ou superior. Conclusões: Apesar dos fracos resultados gerais obtidos em ambas as populações, os comportamentos de saúde oral da população com deficiência intelectual são inferiores aos da população sem deficiência. Assim, a formação dos profissionais de saúde, dos cuidadores e a implementação de programas públicos de saúde oral são essenciais para melhorar a saúde oral destes indivíduos.
Objectives: To compare oral health behaviors and self-perception of treatment needs in adult populations with and without intellectual disabilities. Methods: A prevalence study was conducted on a convenience sample of 480 individuals aged 18-64 years: 240 individuals with mild intellectual disability affiliated with HUMANITAS and 240 without disability, patients of the University Clinic of the Universidade Católica Portuguesa. A sociodemographic and oral health questionnaire was applied to evaluate: number of natural teeth; brushing frequency and methods; periodicity and reason for dental appointments; and self-perception of oral condition and treatment needs. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS software, version 22.0, using the chi-square and the Mann-Whitney statistical tests. Results: Regarding the oral condition of the disabled population, 32.9% had less than 20 teeth – more than the non-disabled one (10%). Daily oral hygiene was also less frequent in the disabled population (79,6% vs. 94.2%), as was the use of dental floss (7.1% vs. 47.1%) or mouthwash (24.1% vs. 49.2%). The population with disability also had a lower percentage of dentist appointments in the past 6 months (28.4% vs. 59.2%), especially for routine reasons (18.8% vs. 46.3%), a greater self-perception of the need for treatment (75.2% vs. 56.7%), and a less favorable self-perception of the oral condition, since less than half (37.4% vs. 56.2%) of the sample described their oral condition as good or superior. Conclusions: Despite the poor results obtained in both populations, the oral health behaviors of the intellectually disabled population were significantly poorer. Thus, the training of health professionals and caregivers and the implementation of public oral health programs are essential to improve the oral health of these individuals.
Objectives: To compare oral health behaviors and self-perception of treatment needs in adult populations with and without intellectual disabilities. Methods: A prevalence study was conducted on a convenience sample of 480 individuals aged 18-64 years: 240 individuals with mild intellectual disability affiliated with HUMANITAS and 240 without disability, patients of the University Clinic of the Universidade Católica Portuguesa. A sociodemographic and oral health questionnaire was applied to evaluate: number of natural teeth; brushing frequency and methods; periodicity and reason for dental appointments; and self-perception of oral condition and treatment needs. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS software, version 22.0, using the chi-square and the Mann-Whitney statistical tests. Results: Regarding the oral condition of the disabled population, 32.9% had less than 20 teeth – more than the non-disabled one (10%). Daily oral hygiene was also less frequent in the disabled population (79,6% vs. 94.2%), as was the use of dental floss (7.1% vs. 47.1%) or mouthwash (24.1% vs. 49.2%). The population with disability also had a lower percentage of dentist appointments in the past 6 months (28.4% vs. 59.2%), especially for routine reasons (18.8% vs. 46.3%), a greater self-perception of the need for treatment (75.2% vs. 56.7%), and a less favorable self-perception of the oral condition, since less than half (37.4% vs. 56.2%) of the sample described their oral condition as good or superior. Conclusions: Despite the poor results obtained in both populations, the oral health behaviors of the intellectually disabled population were significantly poorer. Thus, the training of health professionals and caregivers and the implementation of public oral health programs are essential to improve the oral health of these individuals.
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Keywords
Deficiência intelectual Qualidade de vida Saúde oral Intellectual disability Quality of life Oral health