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O trabalho e a família são duas esferas centrais na vida dos indivíduos. A conexão entre as duas esferas começou a chamar a atenção devido ao número elevado de mulheres que deram entrada no mercado de trabalho, sendo necessário que conseguissem conciliar todas as responsabilidades, ao nível profissional e pessoal, tendo como consequência múltiplas exigências (Grzywacz, 2002). O desempenho de vários papéis, por vezes, não é conciliável, dando origem ao Conflito Trabalho-Família ou Família-Trabalho, por sua vez gera diversas consequências, o stress. Atualmente, atravessamos uma pandemia mundial devido ao novo coronavírus e os profissionais de saúde apresentam um risco acrescido de exposição ao vírus. Com medo de próprio contágio e pelo pânico de contrair a familiares e amigos, decidiram, de forma preventiva, sair de suas casas para proteger as suas famílias continuando na linha da frente no combate ao vírus, com a incerteza de que os iriam ver novamente (Paulino & Diniz, 2020). Como consequência deste cenário, o tempo dedicado à família era quase nulo o que, inevitavelmente, acabou por gerar consequências negativas. Procurando contribuir para a compreensão deste fenómeno, os objetivos desta investigação prendem-se em analisar a influência do Conflito Trabalho-Família e o Conflito Família- Trabalho com o stress em profissionais de saúde nos tempos de pandemia. A amostra é constituída por 230 profissionais de saúde, médicos e enfermeiros. Analisou-se os dados recolhidos através do programa IBM® SPSS, onde foram sujeitos a um conjunto de testes, como é exemplo o Teste T de Student, Teste de Associação de Pearson e teste de análise de frequências. Os resultados obtidos nesta investigação demonstram que, não existem diferenças significativas entre o Conflito Trabalho-Família e o Conflito Família-Trabalho em função do sexo; o Conflito Trabalho-Família é mais elevado nos indivíduos solteiros; os profissionais de saúde que não têm filhos apresentam níveis mais elevados de Conflito Trabalho-Família; os profissionais de saúde que não têm filhos dependentes exibem níveis mais elevados de Conflito Trabalho-Família; profissionais ligados à área da enfermagem vivenciam maior Conflito Trabalho-família; as práticas organizacionais de apoio à conciliação da vida profissional com a vida familiar que os profissionais mais fazem uso são a flexibilidade de horário, a existência de creches e jardins de infância no local de trabalho e a semana de trabalho comprimida; não foram encontradas diferenças significativas na perceção dos funcionários em relação ao suporte da organização no equilíbrio e conciliação da vida profissional com a familiar em função do sexo; quanto mais elevado é o suporte organizacional para o equilíbrio e conciliação da vida profissional com a vida familiar menor será a frequência de stress e menor será o Conflito Trabalho-Família e Família-Trabalho; os indivíduos solteiros sentem níveis mais elevados de stress do que os indivíduos casados e por último confirmamos que o Conflito Trabalho-Família é causador de elevados níveis de stress.
Work and family are two central spheres in the lives of individuals. The connection between the two spheres began to draw attention due to the high number of women who entered the labor market, requiring them to be able to reconcile all responsibilities, at a professional and personal level, which ends up generating multiple demands (Grzywacz, 2002). The performance of several roles, sometimes, is not reconcilable, which gives rise to the Work-Family or Family-Work Conflict, which in turn generates several consequences, stress. We are currently experiencing a worldwide pandemic due to the new coronavirus and healthcare professionals are at increased risk of exposure to the virus. Afraid of their own contagion and the panic of contracting family and friends, they decided, preventively, to leave their homes to protect their families and remain at the front line in the fight against the virus, with the uncertainty that they would see them again (Paulino & Diniz, 2020). As a result of this scenario, the time devoted to the family was almost nil, which inevitably ended up generating negative consequences. Seeking to contribute to the understanding of this phenomenon, the aims of this investigation are to analyze whether the Work-Family Conflict and the Family-Work Conflict is related to stress in health professionals in times of pandemic. The sample is made up of 230 health professionals doctors, and nurses. We chose to analyze the data collected through the IBM® SPSS program, where they were subjected to a set of tests, such as the Student's T Test, Pearson's Association Test, and the frequency analysis test. The results obtained in this investigation show that there are no significant differences between the Work-Family Conflict and the Family-Work Conflict in terms of gender; the Work-Family Conflict is higher in single individuals; health professionals who do not have children have higher levels of Work-Family Conflict; health professionals who do not have dependent children exhibit higher levels of Work-Family Conflict; professionals linked to the field of nursing experience greater Work- Family Conflict; the organizational practices that support the reconciliation of work and family life that professionals make most use of are flexible hours, the existence of crèches and kindergartens in the workplace and the compressed workweek; no significant differences were found in the perception of employees in relation to the organization's support in terms of gender balance and balance between work and family life; the higher the organizational support for balance and conciliation of professional and family life, the lower the frequency of stress and the lower the Work-Family and Family-Work Conflict; single individuals feel higher levels of stress than married individuals and finally we confirm that the Work-Family Conflict causes high levels of stress.
Work and family are two central spheres in the lives of individuals. The connection between the two spheres began to draw attention due to the high number of women who entered the labor market, requiring them to be able to reconcile all responsibilities, at a professional and personal level, which ends up generating multiple demands (Grzywacz, 2002). The performance of several roles, sometimes, is not reconcilable, which gives rise to the Work-Family or Family-Work Conflict, which in turn generates several consequences, stress. We are currently experiencing a worldwide pandemic due to the new coronavirus and healthcare professionals are at increased risk of exposure to the virus. Afraid of their own contagion and the panic of contracting family and friends, they decided, preventively, to leave their homes to protect their families and remain at the front line in the fight against the virus, with the uncertainty that they would see them again (Paulino & Diniz, 2020). As a result of this scenario, the time devoted to the family was almost nil, which inevitably ended up generating negative consequences. Seeking to contribute to the understanding of this phenomenon, the aims of this investigation are to analyze whether the Work-Family Conflict and the Family-Work Conflict is related to stress in health professionals in times of pandemic. The sample is made up of 230 health professionals doctors, and nurses. We chose to analyze the data collected through the IBM® SPSS program, where they were subjected to a set of tests, such as the Student's T Test, Pearson's Association Test, and the frequency analysis test. The results obtained in this investigation show that there are no significant differences between the Work-Family Conflict and the Family-Work Conflict in terms of gender; the Work-Family Conflict is higher in single individuals; health professionals who do not have children have higher levels of Work-Family Conflict; health professionals who do not have dependent children exhibit higher levels of Work-Family Conflict; professionals linked to the field of nursing experience greater Work- Family Conflict; the organizational practices that support the reconciliation of work and family life that professionals make most use of are flexible hours, the existence of crèches and kindergartens in the workplace and the compressed workweek; no significant differences were found in the perception of employees in relation to the organization's support in terms of gender balance and balance between work and family life; the higher the organizational support for balance and conciliation of professional and family life, the lower the frequency of stress and the lower the Work-Family and Family-Work Conflict; single individuals feel higher levels of stress than married individuals and finally we confirm that the Work-Family Conflict causes high levels of stress.
Description
Keywords
Profissionais de saúde Pandemia COVID-19 Trabalho Família Conflito Trabalho-Família Conflito Família-Trabalho Stress Health professionals Pandemic Work Family Work-Family Conflict Family-Work Conflict