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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A problemática que nos propomos abordar nesta Dissertação diz respeito às práticas discriminatórias que, ainda hoje subsistem na atividade seguradora e na celebração de contratos de seguro, nomeadamente no que concerne à deficiência e risco agravado de saúde. O nosso principal objetivo consiste em saber se, no momento em que uma seguradora recusa a celebração do contrato de seguro, quando aumenta o prémio correspondente ou quando impõe determinadas exclusões, está a atuar dentro dos limites do princípio da livre iniciativa económica privada ou se, pelo contrário, está a pôr aqui em causa o pr. da igualdade, correspondendo este a um comportamento entre nós reprovável. Numa primeira fase, faremos um enquadramento geral do estudo, através de uma breve referência à função económico social da atividade seguradora. De seguida, desenvolveremos o conceito de deficiência e de risco agravado de saúde e os princípios da igualdade e da livre iniciativa económico privada, que se revelarão fulcrais ao nosso estudo. Numa segunda fase, faremos uma análise das iniciativas legislativas em vigor no nosso ordenamento, de forma a podermos retirar conclusões futuras quanto ao assunto em questão. Para além disso, o trabalho em apreço procura ainda dar a conhecer a relevância atribuída à análise do risco no mercado segurador, assim como as implicações que poderão advir dessa mesma análise e, quais os critérios capazes de legitimar qualquer forma de diferenciação na avaliação do risco seguro. Por fim, dedicaremos ainda um capítulo ao papel do segurador no que diz respeito a este aspeto, destacando os deveres de informação que lhe são incutidos por lei e quais as problemáticas com as quais nos deparamos no dia-a-dia relativamente a esta questão. Através deste trabalho, foi-nos possível concluir que, independentemente da controvérsia gerada acerca dos tratamentos distintos com que nos podemos deparar no mercado segurador, desde que esses mesmos tratamentos sejam devidamente fundamentados, está ao alcance das seguradoras proceder a essa distinção, sem que daí possam advir consequências negativas.
The problem that we propose to approach in this Dissertation concerns the discriminatory practices that still exist today in the insurance activity and in the conclusion of insurance contracts, especially about disability and aggravated health risk. Our main objective is to know whether, when an insurer refuses to conclude the insurance contract, when the corresponding premium increases or when it imposes certain exclusions, it is acting within the limits of the principle of free private economic initiative or if at contrary, it is calling into question the principle of equality, which corresponds to reproducible behavior between us. In a first moment we will make a general framework of the study, through a brief reference to the social economic function of the insurance activity. Next, we will develop the concept of disability and aggravated health risk and the principles of equality and free private economic initiative, which will prove central to our study. In a second stage, we will review the legislative initiatives in force in our legislation so that future conclusions can be drawn on the subject. In addition, the work in question also seeks to raise awareness of the importance of risk analysis in the insurance market, as well as the implications that might arise from such an analysis, and what criteria can legitimize any form of differentiation in risk assessment safe. Finally, we will also devote a chapter to the role of the insurer in this regard, highlighting the information duties that are instilled by law and what problems we are faced with currently. Through this work, it was possible to conclude that, regardless of the controversy generated about the different treatments that we can find in the insurance market, provided that these same treatments are duly substantiated, it is within the reach of the insurers to make this distinction, without having negative consequences.
The problem that we propose to approach in this Dissertation concerns the discriminatory practices that still exist today in the insurance activity and in the conclusion of insurance contracts, especially about disability and aggravated health risk. Our main objective is to know whether, when an insurer refuses to conclude the insurance contract, when the corresponding premium increases or when it imposes certain exclusions, it is acting within the limits of the principle of free private economic initiative or if at contrary, it is calling into question the principle of equality, which corresponds to reproducible behavior between us. In a first moment we will make a general framework of the study, through a brief reference to the social economic function of the insurance activity. Next, we will develop the concept of disability and aggravated health risk and the principles of equality and free private economic initiative, which will prove central to our study. In a second stage, we will review the legislative initiatives in force in our legislation so that future conclusions can be drawn on the subject. In addition, the work in question also seeks to raise awareness of the importance of risk analysis in the insurance market, as well as the implications that might arise from such an analysis, and what criteria can legitimize any form of differentiation in risk assessment safe. Finally, we will also devote a chapter to the role of the insurer in this regard, highlighting the information duties that are instilled by law and what problems we are faced with currently. Through this work, it was possible to conclude that, regardless of the controversy generated about the different treatments that we can find in the insurance market, provided that these same treatments are duly substantiated, it is within the reach of the insurers to make this distinction, without having negative consequences.
Description
Keywords
Discriminação Risco agravado de saúde Pr. da igualdade Pr. da livre iniciativa económico privada Tratamento diferenciado Análise do risco Deveres de informação Disability Aggravated health risk Principle of equality Principle of free private economic initiative Differential treatment Risk analysis Information duties