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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A população portuguesa mostra-se cada vez mais envelhecida. O desenvolvimento de doenças inerentes ao envelhecimento, a solidão e o aumento da dependência implicam cuidados, que por vezes vão além do que os próprios idosos ou os familiares conseguem acompanhar, conduzindo à necessidade da institucionalização. Idades mais avançadas estão associadas a uma diminuição da saúde oral e ao aumento de alterações na cavidade oral, nomeadamente a perda dentária. Estas alterações têm um papel importante na mastigação, podendo influenciar a ingestão de nutrientes. Objetivos: O presente estudo visa verificar a influência da condição de saúde oral e capacidade mastigatória sobre o estado nutricional dos idosos institucionalizados e determinar quais os principais fatores orais que interferem com a dieta. Materiais e Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico observacional descritivo transversal. Foi aplicado um questionário sociodemográfico e de saúde oral, o Índice de Leake, o Índice CPOD, o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e o Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Os dados recolhidos foram tratados estatisticamente através do software IBM SPSS Statistics®. Resultados: Numa amostra de 20 participantes, de duas instituições no concelho de Viseu, a média de idades era de 80,05 ±7,55 anos, sendo 75,0% do género feminino. Além de 40,0% da amostra ser totalmente edêntula, metade destes não apresentava qualquer tipo de reabilitação protética. O valor médio do Índice CPOD foi de 19,5 ± 11,92. Segundo o Índice de Leake, 70,0% dos inquiridos não conseguia consumir alimentos duros. De acordo com o MNA, todos os utentes se encontravam num estado nutricional “normal” e, segundo o IMC, 85,0% encontravam-se num nível de pré-obesidade ou de obesidade. Conclusões: A precariedade da saúde oral permanece uma realidade. Não foi provado um impacto do estado da saúde oral e da capacidade mastigatória no estado nutricional, no entanto verifica-se que houve um compromisso da escolha alimentar em função destes dois fatores.
Introduction: The Portuguese population is growing older. The development of diseases inherent to aging, loneliness and increased dependence imply care, which sometimes goes beyond what the elderly themselves or their families can keep up with, leading to the need for institutionalization. Advanced ages are associated with a decrease in oral health and an increase in changes in the oral cavity, mainly tooth loss. These changes play an important role in the chewing performance, which is one of the main factors in nutrient intake. Objectives: This study aims to verify the influence of oral health condition and chewing ability on the nutritional status of institutionalized elderly and to determine which are the main oral factors that interfere with the diet. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational epidemiological study was performed. A sociodemographic and oral health questionnaire was applied along with the Leake Index and the CPOD Index, the Body Mass Index (MNA) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Data was statistically analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics® software. Results: In a sample of 20 participants, from two institutions in Viseu, the average age was 80.05 ± 7.55 years, with 75.0% being female. In addition to 40.0% of the sample being totally edentulous, half of these did not have any type of prosthetic rehabilitation. The average value of the DMF Index was 19.5 ± 11.92. According to the MNA, all users were in a “normal” nutritional state and, according to the BMI, 85.0% are in a pre-obesity or obesity level. Conclusions: The precariousness of oral health remains a reality. An impact of oral health status and masticatory capacity on nutritional status has not been proven, however it appears that there was a compromise in food choice due to these two factors.
Introduction: The Portuguese population is growing older. The development of diseases inherent to aging, loneliness and increased dependence imply care, which sometimes goes beyond what the elderly themselves or their families can keep up with, leading to the need for institutionalization. Advanced ages are associated with a decrease in oral health and an increase in changes in the oral cavity, mainly tooth loss. These changes play an important role in the chewing performance, which is one of the main factors in nutrient intake. Objectives: This study aims to verify the influence of oral health condition and chewing ability on the nutritional status of institutionalized elderly and to determine which are the main oral factors that interfere with the diet. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational epidemiological study was performed. A sociodemographic and oral health questionnaire was applied along with the Leake Index and the CPOD Index, the Body Mass Index (MNA) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Data was statistically analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics® software. Results: In a sample of 20 participants, from two institutions in Viseu, the average age was 80.05 ± 7.55 years, with 75.0% being female. In addition to 40.0% of the sample being totally edentulous, half of these did not have any type of prosthetic rehabilitation. The average value of the DMF Index was 19.5 ± 11.92. According to the MNA, all users were in a “normal” nutritional state and, according to the BMI, 85.0% are in a pre-obesity or obesity level. Conclusions: The precariousness of oral health remains a reality. An impact of oral health status and masticatory capacity on nutritional status has not been proven, however it appears that there was a compromise in food choice due to these two factors.
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Keywords
Saúde oral Capacidade mastigatória Estado nutricional Oral health Chewing ability Nutritional status