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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A leucoplasia oral é uma placa branca que não pode ser
caracterizada clínica ou patologicamente como qualquer outra doença conhecida.
É a lesão potencialmente maligna mais comum na cavidade oral. A sua
prevalência varia entre os estudos científicos e é afetada por fatores como
tabagismo e álcool. A leucoplasia oral não tem etiologia conhecida. Os locais mais
comumente afetados são: mucosa jugal, pavimento da boca e face ventral e lateral
da língua. Distinguem-se dois subtipos clínicos, homogéneo e não-homogéneo.
Objetivos: Verificar a prevalência de leucoplasia oral nos Utentes da Clínica
Dentária Universitária através de uma análise retrospetiva de 17 anos; avaliar as
características clínicas e histológicas da leucoplasia; determinar os fatores de
risco subjacentes; e avaliar o comportamento ou eventual transformação maligna
de cada lesão.
Materiais e métodos: Este estudo retrospetivo de 17 anos foi realizado na Clínica
Dentária Universitária da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, em Viseu. Foi
realizada uma análise estatística descritiva e inferencial dos dados clínicos e
anatomopatológicos de 11 pacientes que apresentaram um diagnóstico definitivo
de leucoplasia oral. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: género; idade;
presença de fatores de risco (tabaco, álcool); localização; subtipos de leucoplasia;
padrão histológico e evolução temporal da lesão. Os dados foram analisados pelo
software SPSS versão 27.0. Foi utilizado um nível de significância de 5%.
Resultados: A prevalência da leucoplasia oral entre os utentes da Clínica
Dentária Universitária foi de 12.09%. A mucosa jugal foi a zona mais afetada
(36.36%), seguida pela língua (27.27%). O subtipo clínico homogéneo foi o mais
frequente (81.82%). Os hábitos tabágicos foram detetados em 27.27% dos
pacientes enquanto os alcoólicos estavam presentes em 18.18% dos pacientes.
A maioria dos pacientes (81.82%) não apresentava displasia epitelial no exame
anatomopatológico. 81.82% dos pacientes não apresentaram acompanhamento
clínico durante 12 meses, 9.09% apresentaram regressão da lesão leucoplásica
e 9.09% apresentaram aumento de tamanho da lesão.
Conclusão: A prevalência da leucoplasia oral entre os utentes da CDU foi
consideravelmente elevada. Os resultados do nosso estudo não foram
estatisticamente significativos, mas foi possível verificar predominância do subtipo
clínico homogéneo e ausência de displasia oral na maioria dos pacientes. Os
fatores de risco, entre eles, o tabagismo e o alcoolismo parecem estar
relacionados com a presença desta lesão. A maioria dos pacientes da CDU não
compareceram às consultas de controlo.
Introduction: Oral leukoplakia is a white plaque that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other known disease. It is the most common potentially malignant lesion in the oral cavity. Its prevalence varies between scientific studies and is affected by factors such as smoking and alcohol. Oral leukoplakia has no known etiology. The most commonly affected sites are: buccal mucosa, floor of the mouth and ventral and lateral surface of the tongue. Two clinical subtypes are distinguished, homogeneous and non-homogeneous. Objectives: Verify the prevalence of oral leukoplakia in University Dental Clinic users through a 17-year retrospective analysis; evaluate the clinical and histological characteristics of leukoplakia; determine underlying risk factors; and evaluate the behavior or eventual malignant transformation of each lesion. Materials and methods: This 17-year retrospective study was carried out at the University Dental Clinic of Portuguese Catholic University, in Viseu. A descriptive and inferential statistical analysis of the clinical and pathological data of 11 patients who presented a definitive diagnosis of oral leukoplakia was performed. The following variables were analyzed: gender; age; presence of risk factors (tobacco, alcohol); localization; leukoplakia subtypes; histological pattern and temporal evolution of the lesion. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 27.0. A significance level of 5% was used. Results: The prevalence of oral leukoplakia among users of the University Dental Clinic was 12.09%. The buccal mucosa was the most affected area (36.36%), followed by the tongue (27.27%). The homogeneous clinical subtype was the most frequent (81.82%). Smoking habits were detected in 27.27% of patients while alcoholic habits were present in 18.18% of patients. Most patients (81.82%) did not present epithelial dysplasia in the anatomopathological examination. 81.82% of the patients had no clinical follow-up for 12 months, 9.09% had regression of oral leukoplakia and 9.09% had an increase in the size of the lesion. XIV Conclusion: The prevalence of oral leukoplakia among University Dental Clinic users was considerably high. The results of our study were not statistically significant, but it was possible to verify a predominance of the homogeneous clinical subtype and the absence of oral dysplasia in most patients. Risk factors, including smoking and alcoholism, seem to be related to the presence of this lesion. Most of the patients did not attend the follow-up appointments
Introduction: Oral leukoplakia is a white plaque that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other known disease. It is the most common potentially malignant lesion in the oral cavity. Its prevalence varies between scientific studies and is affected by factors such as smoking and alcohol. Oral leukoplakia has no known etiology. The most commonly affected sites are: buccal mucosa, floor of the mouth and ventral and lateral surface of the tongue. Two clinical subtypes are distinguished, homogeneous and non-homogeneous. Objectives: Verify the prevalence of oral leukoplakia in University Dental Clinic users through a 17-year retrospective analysis; evaluate the clinical and histological characteristics of leukoplakia; determine underlying risk factors; and evaluate the behavior or eventual malignant transformation of each lesion. Materials and methods: This 17-year retrospective study was carried out at the University Dental Clinic of Portuguese Catholic University, in Viseu. A descriptive and inferential statistical analysis of the clinical and pathological data of 11 patients who presented a definitive diagnosis of oral leukoplakia was performed. The following variables were analyzed: gender; age; presence of risk factors (tobacco, alcohol); localization; leukoplakia subtypes; histological pattern and temporal evolution of the lesion. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 27.0. A significance level of 5% was used. Results: The prevalence of oral leukoplakia among users of the University Dental Clinic was 12.09%. The buccal mucosa was the most affected area (36.36%), followed by the tongue (27.27%). The homogeneous clinical subtype was the most frequent (81.82%). Smoking habits were detected in 27.27% of patients while alcoholic habits were present in 18.18% of patients. Most patients (81.82%) did not present epithelial dysplasia in the anatomopathological examination. 81.82% of the patients had no clinical follow-up for 12 months, 9.09% had regression of oral leukoplakia and 9.09% had an increase in the size of the lesion. XIV Conclusion: The prevalence of oral leukoplakia among University Dental Clinic users was considerably high. The results of our study were not statistically significant, but it was possible to verify a predominance of the homogeneous clinical subtype and the absence of oral dysplasia in most patients. Risk factors, including smoking and alcoholism, seem to be related to the presence of this lesion. Most of the patients did not attend the follow-up appointments
Description
Keywords
Leucoplasia oral Doenças potencialmente malignas Cancro oral Oral leukoplakia Potentially malignant diseases Oral cancer