Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
---|---|---|---|---|
326.27 KB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O nosso ordenamento jurídico, tal como a maioria dos ordenamentos jurídicos estrangeiros, prevê a regra da livre destituição. As sociedades por quotas e as sociedades anónimas podem destituir os seus administradores por ato unilateral, sem necessidade de indicação do motivo. A destituição satisfaz o interesse da sociedade, mas não deverá implicar um completo sacrifício dos interesses pessoais do administrador. O legislador previu, na reforma ao Código das Sociedades Comerciais de 2006, no n.º 5 do art. 403.º, o direito a indemnização pelos danos sofridos pelo administrador destituído sem justa causa. A indemnização poderá ser fixada contratualmente (em momento prévio ou posterior à destituição) ou nos termos gerais do Direito. A 2.ª parte desta norma prevê ainda uma limitação: a indemnização não poderá exceder o montante das remunerações que o destituído presumivelmente receberia até ao final do período para o qual foi eleito. O pedido de indemnização por parte do administrador, nos termos gerais do Direito, tem dado origem a diversos entendimentos, nomeadamente no que se refere à possibilidade de inclusão de compensação por danos morais. Através deste estudo procuramos encontrar uma via no sentido de dar resposta a estas questões, que são colocadas nos nossos tribunais sempre que está em causa a efetivação deste direito indemnizatório, uma vez que não existe uma orientação unânime, nem por parte da doutrina nem por parte da jurisprudência.
Our legal system, like most foreign legal systems, provides for the rule of free dismissal. Limited companies and public limited companies may remove their directors by unilateral act, without the need to indicate the reason. Removal satisfies the interestsof the company, but should not imply a complete sacrifice of the personal interests of the administrator. In the reform of the 2006 Commercial Companies Code, the legislator provided, in article 403(5), for the right to compensation for damages suffered by a director removal without fair cause. The compensation may be fixed contractually (before or after the removal) or under the general terms of the law. The second part of this rule also provides for a limitation: the compensation may not exceed the amount of remuneration that the removed director would presumably receive until the end of the period for which he was elected. The director's request for compensation, under the general terms of the law, has been the origin of different preceptions of the same concept, in particular by the possibility of including compensation for moral damages. Through this study we seek to find a way to answer these questions, which are raised in our courts whenever the compensation right is at stake, since there is no unanimous guidance, neither from the doctrine nor from the jurisprudence.
Our legal system, like most foreign legal systems, provides for the rule of free dismissal. Limited companies and public limited companies may remove their directors by unilateral act, without the need to indicate the reason. Removal satisfies the interestsof the company, but should not imply a complete sacrifice of the personal interests of the administrator. In the reform of the 2006 Commercial Companies Code, the legislator provided, in article 403(5), for the right to compensation for damages suffered by a director removal without fair cause. The compensation may be fixed contractually (before or after the removal) or under the general terms of the law. The second part of this rule also provides for a limitation: the compensation may not exceed the amount of remuneration that the removed director would presumably receive until the end of the period for which he was elected. The director's request for compensation, under the general terms of the law, has been the origin of different preceptions of the same concept, in particular by the possibility of including compensation for moral damages. Through this study we seek to find a way to answer these questions, which are raised in our courts whenever the compensation right is at stake, since there is no unanimous guidance, neither from the doctrine nor from the jurisprudence.
Description
Keywords
Administrador Gerente Sociedades comerciais Destituição ad nutum Justa causa Danos patrimoniais Danos morais Art. 403.º, n.º 5 Indemnização Limite indemnizatório Directors Companies Removal without fair cause Fair cause Moral damages Property damages Art. 403(5) Compensation Limit of compensation