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Abstract(s)
A partir da II Guerra Mundial, o conceito da liderança organizacional, levou a que inúmeros cientistas sociais se debruçassem sobre o tema. Os resultados práticos não foram os esperados. A partir dos anos oitenta novos modelos irromperam dando continuação à dinâmica evolutiva da liderança. Sem abandonar os principais constructos das anteriores e diferentes teorias, os recentes modelos muito contribuíram para a melhoria dos sistemas de gerência, da produtividade nas organizações, e do bem-estar das pessoas.
Este trabalho tem por finalidade analisar e definir o tipo de liderança e estilo do líder da organização em estudo, MEBRA S.A., empresa comercial de âmbito generalista que opera em Portugal e no estrangeiro, na área dos materiais de construção, mais concretamente no subsector dos artigos sanitários, situada no lugar do Barreiro, Vila de Prado, Concelho de Vila Verde.
É constituído por duas partes distintas: a primeira, referindo-se ao enquadramento teórico, desenvolve a pesquisa bibliográfica e divide-se em dois capítulos, o primeiro, descreve o Ambiente Organizacional Nacional através de três sub–capítulos, Contexto Nacional, Economias Emergentes e Contingências Organizacionais; no segundo, aborda-se a Liderança Organizacional, descrevendo as Teorias mais consensuais na literatura científica: Teorias dos Traços, Teorias Comportamentais e Teorias Contingênciais. A segunda parte, referindo-se à investigação empírica, é composta por um único capítulo onde se desenvolvem os Métodos, as Técnicas e a Análise de Dados.
Na presente investigação foi utilizada uma amostra constituída por 61 sujeitos, retirados de um universo de 64, sendo 56 colaboradores e 5 dirigentes. Foram-lhes aplicados questionários científicos de auto-preenchimento, tendo os dados recolhidos sido analisados através do ―Statistical Package for the Social Sciences‖ (SPSS), versão 17.0. Aos colaboradores (n=56) foi aplicada a Escala descritiva do comportamento dos chefes LBDQ-Forma XII, aos Líderes (n=5) foi aplicada a Escala das relações entre líder / membros. De igual forma, todos responderam a um questionário Sócio-demográfico, como instrumento clarificador, caracterizando a amostra quanto ao género, estado civil, escolaridade, sector a que pertence, cargo que desempenha e há quanto tempo desempenha a função.
A partir da aplicação da primeira escala, verificamos que o resultado médio é de 39,4 (dp=11,67), com valores de fidelidade encontrados (alpha de Cronbach) de .88 para o factor Estruturação e .77 para o factor Consideração ,sendo que a média para a dimensão Tarefa é de 23,8 e (dp=8,0), enquanto que a dimensão Consideração atingiu apesar de tudo a média de 15,6 e (dp=4,9); entre líderes e membros, verifica-se que o seu resultado médio é de 20 (dp=3,61).
Desta forma conclui-se que estamos perante um líder cujo comportamento percepcionado pelos seus colaboradores é direccionado para os objectivos organizacionais, (Tarefa). Por fim, a investigação exclusivamente quantitativa, resulta das limitações encontradas ao longo do estudo, pelo que estudos posteriores deverão ser considerados a médio / longo prazo.
Since de the Second World War, the concept of Organizational leadership, led many social scientists to work on the subject. The practical results were not the expected. Since the eighties new models emerged continuing the Leadership evolution dynamics. Without abandoning the main constructs from previous, and different, theories, recent models have greatly contributed to the improvement of management systems, productivity in organizations, and people’s well-being. This study aims to analyze and define the type of leadership and style of the leader of Organization in study, MEBRA SA, a general trading company that operates in Portugal and abroad in the area of building materials, specifically in the sub-sector of sanitary articles, and located in Lugar do Barreiro, Vila de Prado, Concelho de Vila Verde. It consists of two distinct parts: The first, referring to the theoretical schematic, develops the research literature, is divided in two chapters, the first describes the national organizational environment through three sub-chapters covering the national context, emerging economies and Organizational Contingencies, in the second deals with the organizational Leadership, describing the more consensual theories in the scientific literature: Trait theories, Behavioral theories and Contingency theories. The second part, which refers to the empirical investigation, it’s composed by a single chapter in which are developed the methods, techniques e the data analysis. In the present investigation, it was used a sample constituted by 61 subjects, removed for a universe of 64, being 56 coworkers and 5 leaders. We applied scientific self-fulfilling questionnaires, being the collected data analyzed thru the ―Statistical Package for the Social Sciences‖ (SPSS), version 17.0. To the coworkers (N=56) was applied the Escala descritiva do comportamento dos chefes LBDQ-Forma XII and to the leaders (N=5) was applied the Escala das relações entre Líder / membros. In the same way, they all answered to a sociodemographic questionnaire, as a clarifying instrument, characterizing the sample in terms of gender, civil state, education, sector in which it belongs, position in the organization and how long does he plays that function. From the application of the first scale, we verified that it’s average result is 39,4 (dp=11,67), with fidelity values of .88 founded (Cronbach’s alpha) to the Structure factor e .77 to the Consideration factor. The average for the Task dimension is 23,8 (dp?8,0), and for the Consideration dimension it reached, in spite of all, the average of 15,6 (dp=4,9). Between leaders and members, we verified that it’s average result is 20 (dp=3,61). In this way, we conclude that we stand before a leader which perceived behavior by its coworkers is directed towards the organizational objectives (Task). Lastly, the exclusively quantitative research, results from the limitations founded throughout the study, by that reason, posterior studies should be considered in medium/short term.
Since de the Second World War, the concept of Organizational leadership, led many social scientists to work on the subject. The practical results were not the expected. Since the eighties new models emerged continuing the Leadership evolution dynamics. Without abandoning the main constructs from previous, and different, theories, recent models have greatly contributed to the improvement of management systems, productivity in organizations, and people’s well-being. This study aims to analyze and define the type of leadership and style of the leader of Organization in study, MEBRA SA, a general trading company that operates in Portugal and abroad in the area of building materials, specifically in the sub-sector of sanitary articles, and located in Lugar do Barreiro, Vila de Prado, Concelho de Vila Verde. It consists of two distinct parts: The first, referring to the theoretical schematic, develops the research literature, is divided in two chapters, the first describes the national organizational environment through three sub-chapters covering the national context, emerging economies and Organizational Contingencies, in the second deals with the organizational Leadership, describing the more consensual theories in the scientific literature: Trait theories, Behavioral theories and Contingency theories. The second part, which refers to the empirical investigation, it’s composed by a single chapter in which are developed the methods, techniques e the data analysis. In the present investigation, it was used a sample constituted by 61 subjects, removed for a universe of 64, being 56 coworkers and 5 leaders. We applied scientific self-fulfilling questionnaires, being the collected data analyzed thru the ―Statistical Package for the Social Sciences‖ (SPSS), version 17.0. To the coworkers (N=56) was applied the Escala descritiva do comportamento dos chefes LBDQ-Forma XII and to the leaders (N=5) was applied the Escala das relações entre Líder / membros. In the same way, they all answered to a sociodemographic questionnaire, as a clarifying instrument, characterizing the sample in terms of gender, civil state, education, sector in which it belongs, position in the organization and how long does he plays that function. From the application of the first scale, we verified that it’s average result is 39,4 (dp=11,67), with fidelity values of .88 founded (Cronbach’s alpha) to the Structure factor e .77 to the Consideration factor. The average for the Task dimension is 23,8 (dp?8,0), and for the Consideration dimension it reached, in spite of all, the average of 15,6 (dp=4,9). Between leaders and members, we verified that it’s average result is 20 (dp=3,61). In this way, we conclude that we stand before a leader which perceived behavior by its coworkers is directed towards the organizational objectives (Task). Lastly, the exclusively quantitative research, results from the limitations founded throughout the study, by that reason, posterior studies should be considered in medium/short term.
Description
Keywords
Liderança organizacional Teorias organizacionais Percepção do comportamento do líder Organizational leadership Organizational theories Leader’s behavior perception