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O presente relatório de estágio realiza-se no âmbito da Unidade Curricular Estágio Final e Relatório, do Curso de Mestrado em Enfermagem com Especialização em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica, pela Universidade Católica Portuguesa – Lisboa. Este relatório irá abordar as competências adquiridas para a obtenção do grau de Mestre e Especialista, no decorrer do Estágio realizado em três contextos – Internamento de Pediatria, Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Especiais e Neonatais e Urgência Pediátrica - que decorreram entre 6 de setembro e 18 de dezembro de 2021, com uma carga horária total de 760h. Os adolescentes enquanto pessoas alvo dos cuidados especializados em enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica, trata-se de uma população com particularidades relacionadas com a fase de desenvolvimento em que se encontra, que podem dar origem a desafios constantes e confrontos com o mundo que o rodeia, levando-os a refletir, tomar decisões e assumir condutas que se vão manifestar de forma benéfica para o seu crescimento e desenvolvimento ou de forma negativa, com repercussões na sua saúde. O aumento da morbilidade, das doenças crónicas nas crianças e adolescentes, reflete-se em internamentos mais frequentes e prolongados, requerendo uma intervenção especializada para promover a saúde, o bem-estar e o autocuidado e prevenir as complicações e o impacto negativo da hospitalização. A esperança é um importante fator de resiliência e foi associada a indicadores positivos de saúde. Perante situações de crise assume uma função protetora que previne o desespero e afeta diretamente a sensação de bem-estar, facilitando a adesão e tolerância ao tratamento (Griggs & Walker, 2016; Hinds et al., 1999). É um foco de atenção de enfermagem e assume especial importância no adolescente com doença crónica, complexa, oncológica ou terminal que foi considerado uma população de risco para o desenvolvimento do fenómeno de desesperança (Herdman, Kamitsuru e Lopes, 2021). Neste sentido foi desenvolvido como objetivo geral para este percurso formativo “Desenvolver competências do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica na prestação de cuidados ao binómio adolescente/família, com enfoque numa abordagem comunicacional promotora de esperança”. A finalidade deste relatório é espelhar o contributo do percurso traçado em contexto de estágio para desenvolver e atingir as competências comuns e específicas inerentes ao enfermeiro especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica, conforme estipulado pela Ordem dos Enfermeiros, e as competências de mestre de acordo com os Descritores de Dublin. Para isso foram desenvolvidas atividades das quais destaco: no Internamento de Pediatria a implementação de um folheto com estratégias não farmacológicas de controlo e alívio da dor aos adolescentes internados, recorrendo a uma comunicação motivacional promotora de esperança; na Neonatologia foram realizadas atividades promotoras de esperança dos pais dos recém-nascidos pré-termo, recorrendo ao método Canguru e colaborando no projeto do serviço no âmbito da promoção da esperança; por fim, na Urgência Pediátrica foi dada continuidade à atividade iniciada no primeiro contexto, para além de dinamizar a temática da esperança no adolescente junto dos profissionais de saúde, através da realização de sessões formativas. A metodologia utilizada para a elaboração do presente relatório foi descritiva e crítico reflexiva, recorrendo à pesquisa bibliográfica para fundamentar todo este percurso.
The current report is carried out within the scope of the nursing internship course, of the master’s degree in Nursing with Specialization in Child Health and Paediatric Nursing, from Universidade Católica Portuguesa – Lisbon. This report will address the skills acquired to obtain the master’s and Specialist degree, during the Internship held in three different contexts - Paediatric Medicine, Neonatology Unit and Paediatric Emergency Unit - which took place between September 6th and December 18th 2021, with a total workload of 760 hours. The adolescent, as the target of specialized care in Child Health and Paediatric Nursing, is a population with particularities related to the stage of development in which they are in, that can give rise to constant challenges and confrontations with the world around them, leading the adolescent to reflect, make decisions and assume behaviours that will manifest themselves in a beneficial way for their growth and development or in a negative way, with repercussions on their health. The increase in morbidity and chronical diseases in children and adolescents, is reflected in more frequent and prolonged hospitalizations, requiring specialized intervention in order to promote health, well-being and self-care and prevent complications and negative impact of hospitalization. Hope is an important resilience factor and has been associated with positive health indicators. In crisis situations, it assumes a protective role that prevents despair and directly affects the feeling of well-being, facilitating adherence and tolerance to treatment (Griggs & Walker, 2016; Hinds et al., 1999). It is a focus of nursing attention and is especially important for adolescents with a chronic, complex, oncological or terminal illness, who were considered a population at risk for the development of the phenomenon of hopelessness (Herdman, Kamitsuru e Lopes, 2021). In this sense, a general objective was developed for this training course “To develop skills of the Nurse Specialist in Child Health and Paediatric Nursing in the provision of care to the adolescent/family binomial, with a focus on a communicational approach that promotes hope.” The purpose of this report is to reflect the contribution of the path traced in the context of an internship to develop and achieve the common and specific skills inherent to the specialist nurse in Child Health and Paediatric Nursing as stipulated by Nurses Order, and the master's skills as stated in the Dublin Descriptors. To this end, activities were developed, of which I highlight: in the context of Paediatric Medicine, the implementation of a leaflet with non-pharmacological strategies to control and relieve pain for hospitalized adolescents, using motivational communication that promotes hope; in Neonatology Unit, activities were carried out with the aim of promoting hope for the parents of preterm new-borns, using the Kangaroo Care method and collaborating in the service project within the scope of promoting hope; finally, in the Paediatric Emergency Unit I continued the activity started in the first context, as well as I streamlined the theme of hope in adolescents for health professionals, through training sessions. The methodology used for the preparation of this report was descriptive and critical reflexive, using bibliographic research to support this entire journey.
The current report is carried out within the scope of the nursing internship course, of the master’s degree in Nursing with Specialization in Child Health and Paediatric Nursing, from Universidade Católica Portuguesa – Lisbon. This report will address the skills acquired to obtain the master’s and Specialist degree, during the Internship held in three different contexts - Paediatric Medicine, Neonatology Unit and Paediatric Emergency Unit - which took place between September 6th and December 18th 2021, with a total workload of 760 hours. The adolescent, as the target of specialized care in Child Health and Paediatric Nursing, is a population with particularities related to the stage of development in which they are in, that can give rise to constant challenges and confrontations with the world around them, leading the adolescent to reflect, make decisions and assume behaviours that will manifest themselves in a beneficial way for their growth and development or in a negative way, with repercussions on their health. The increase in morbidity and chronical diseases in children and adolescents, is reflected in more frequent and prolonged hospitalizations, requiring specialized intervention in order to promote health, well-being and self-care and prevent complications and negative impact of hospitalization. Hope is an important resilience factor and has been associated with positive health indicators. In crisis situations, it assumes a protective role that prevents despair and directly affects the feeling of well-being, facilitating adherence and tolerance to treatment (Griggs & Walker, 2016; Hinds et al., 1999). It is a focus of nursing attention and is especially important for adolescents with a chronic, complex, oncological or terminal illness, who were considered a population at risk for the development of the phenomenon of hopelessness (Herdman, Kamitsuru e Lopes, 2021). In this sense, a general objective was developed for this training course “To develop skills of the Nurse Specialist in Child Health and Paediatric Nursing in the provision of care to the adolescent/family binomial, with a focus on a communicational approach that promotes hope.” The purpose of this report is to reflect the contribution of the path traced in the context of an internship to develop and achieve the common and specific skills inherent to the specialist nurse in Child Health and Paediatric Nursing as stipulated by Nurses Order, and the master's skills as stated in the Dublin Descriptors. To this end, activities were developed, of which I highlight: in the context of Paediatric Medicine, the implementation of a leaflet with non-pharmacological strategies to control and relieve pain for hospitalized adolescents, using motivational communication that promotes hope; in Neonatology Unit, activities were carried out with the aim of promoting hope for the parents of preterm new-borns, using the Kangaroo Care method and collaborating in the service project within the scope of promoting hope; finally, in the Paediatric Emergency Unit I continued the activity started in the first context, as well as I streamlined the theme of hope in adolescents for health professionals, through training sessions. The methodology used for the preparation of this report was descriptive and critical reflexive, using bibliographic research to support this entire journey.
Description
Keywords
Adolescente Família Enfermagem Esperança Dor Hospitalização Adolescent Family Nursing Hope Pain Hospitalization