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Abstract(s)
A procura do bem-estar é o motor do desenvolvimento humano e não se restringe a
momentos pontuais da vida do indivíduo, mas sim a aspetos globais de satisfação com a vida.
O objetivo deste estudo consiste em verificar em que medida a autoestima, as competências
emocionais e os comportamentos de saúde contribuem para o bem-estar psicológico dos
adolescentes. Trata-se de um estudo observacional-descritivo, com recurso a uma amostra de
205 adolescentes, estudantes do ensino secundário, com idades compreendidas entre os 15 e
os 19 anos, de ambos os sexos. Os dados foram recolhidos numa escola secundária do distrito
do Porto, através da aplicação dos seguintes instrumentos de autopreenchimento: Escala de
Bem-Estar Psicológico para Adolescentes – EBEP (Fernandes, 2007); Escala de Autoestima
de Rosenberg (Santos, 2003); Questionário de Comportamentos de Saúde (Ribeiro, 1993);
Questionário de Competência Emocional (Faria & Lima Santos, 2005) e Questionário
Sociodemográfico. Os resultados obtidos reforçam a noção da importância das variáveis
psicológicas e comportamentais no bem-estar psicológico do adolescente, e em contra partida
as variáveis sociodemográficas não explicam de forma significativa os níveis de bem-estar
psicológico. Verificou-se que a autoestima é o melhor preditor do bem-estar psicológico, não
obstante, as restantes variáveis também possuem uma relação positiva com o bem-estar
psicológico do adolescente, sendo os comportamentos de saúde a variável que menor
preponderância exerce no bem-estar psicológico. Quanto às variáveis sociodemográficas,
verificou-se que o nível socioeconómico dos adolescentes não exerce influência significativa
no seu bem-estar psicológico, bem como nas restantes varáveis psicológicas em estudo. Já na
variável sexo, obtém-se diferenças significativas apenas ao nível da autoestima e dos
comportamentos de saúde dos adolescentes.
The quest for well-being is the engine of human development and is not restricted to occasional moments of one's life, but is related to general aspects of satisfaction with life instead. The objective of this study is to verify the extent to which self-esteem, emotional competencies and health behaviors contribute to the psychological well-being of adolescents. This is an observational and descriptive study that used a sample of 205 adolescents, secondary school students, aged between 15 and 19 years, of both sexes. Data were collected at a secondary school in the district of Porto with the following self-report instruments: Adolescents Psychological Well-Being Scale - EBEP (Fernandes, 2007); Rosenberg Self- Esteem Scale (Santos, 2003); Health Behavior Questionnaire (Ribeiro, 1993); Emotional Competencies Questionnaire (Faria Lima & Santos, 2005) and Socio-Demographic Questionnaire. The results reinforce the importance of psychological and behavioral variables on adolescents’ psychological well-being. On the other hand, socio-demographic variables do not significantly explain the levels of psychological well-being. It was also found that selfesteem is the best predictor of psychological well-being. However, other variables also have a positive relationship with psychological well-being of adolescents. Health behavior is the variable with the lowest preponderance in psychological well-being in adolescents. Regarding socio-demographic variables, results showed that adolescents’ socioeconomic status does not have a significant impact on psychological well-being, as well as on other psychological variables. In terms of gender, there were significant differences only in the level of selfesteemand health behaviors.
The quest for well-being is the engine of human development and is not restricted to occasional moments of one's life, but is related to general aspects of satisfaction with life instead. The objective of this study is to verify the extent to which self-esteem, emotional competencies and health behaviors contribute to the psychological well-being of adolescents. This is an observational and descriptive study that used a sample of 205 adolescents, secondary school students, aged between 15 and 19 years, of both sexes. Data were collected at a secondary school in the district of Porto with the following self-report instruments: Adolescents Psychological Well-Being Scale - EBEP (Fernandes, 2007); Rosenberg Self- Esteem Scale (Santos, 2003); Health Behavior Questionnaire (Ribeiro, 1993); Emotional Competencies Questionnaire (Faria Lima & Santos, 2005) and Socio-Demographic Questionnaire. The results reinforce the importance of psychological and behavioral variables on adolescents’ psychological well-being. On the other hand, socio-demographic variables do not significantly explain the levels of psychological well-being. It was also found that selfesteem is the best predictor of psychological well-being. However, other variables also have a positive relationship with psychological well-being of adolescents. Health behavior is the variable with the lowest preponderance in psychological well-being in adolescents. Regarding socio-demographic variables, results showed that adolescents’ socioeconomic status does not have a significant impact on psychological well-being, as well as on other psychological variables. In terms of gender, there were significant differences only in the level of selfesteemand health behaviors.
Description
Keywords
Bem-estar psicológico Autoestima Competências emocionais Comportamentos de saúde Adolescência Psychological well-being Self-esteem Emotional skills Health behaviors Adolescence