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Abstract(s)
O temor às forças poderosas e adversas da natureza criou desde sempre reverência pelo
desconhecido. O homem primitivo, com a sua imaginação fecunda e a sua ignorância das leis
que regulam os fenómenos naturais, tinha tendência de divinizar tudo aquilo que atribuía
movimento ou vida, como a água, o vento, as nuvens, os astros, as plantas, os animais, o lume
e a sombra, povoando de alguma forma o universo de entidades superiores e misteriosas das
quais muitas vezes se julgavam dependentes.
Com o aparecimento do Cristianismo, todas estas divindades e ritos associados foram
evangelizadas, mas muitas conseguiram chegar ate nós transformadas em religiosidade popular,
mantendo-se vivas particularmente nos meios mais rurais, com as suas tradições, práticas e
mitos. Ainda assim, hoje subsistem práticas mágicas e supersticiosas, muito delas preocupantes
e diabólicas, que muitas vezes o povo confunde com a sua fé cristã. Esta dissertação faz uma
leitura destas manifestações para perceber o que deu origem à religiosidade popular, através do
estudo das religiões peninsulares aquando a chegado do Cristianismo a Portugal e dos factores
que levaram à transformação das práticas religiosas e populares. A posição da hierarquia
católica face a estes temas, nomeadamente a ação pastoral de São Martinho de Dume e do
Concílio Plenário Português, surgem como fontes fundamentais para a questão.
Fear of mighty and hostile forces of nature created since the beginning of times reverence towards the unknown. The primitive man, with his fruitful imagination and ignorance of the laws that regulate natural phenomena, tended to deify everything which gave life or movement, as does water, wind, clouds, stars, plants, fire and shadows, populating the universe of superior and mysterious beings of which he believed he was dependent. With the emergence of Christianity, all these deities and associated rites were evangelized but many managed to reach us, even though transformed into folk religion, subsisting alive and vivid especially in rural areas through its traditions, practices and myths. Nevertheless, as of today magic and superstition subsist, many practices being worrying and diabolical, which can confound the faithful on matters of their faith. This dissertation studies these practices to understand what gave birth to popular religiosity, through the analysis of the religions present in the Iberic peninsula when Cristianity arrived in Portugal and of the circumstances which led to the transformation of religious and popular customs. The position taken by the Catholic hierarchy on this matter, in particular the pastoral action of St. Martin of Braga and the Plenary Council of Portugal are fundamental sources to understand this subject.
Fear of mighty and hostile forces of nature created since the beginning of times reverence towards the unknown. The primitive man, with his fruitful imagination and ignorance of the laws that regulate natural phenomena, tended to deify everything which gave life or movement, as does water, wind, clouds, stars, plants, fire and shadows, populating the universe of superior and mysterious beings of which he believed he was dependent. With the emergence of Christianity, all these deities and associated rites were evangelized but many managed to reach us, even though transformed into folk religion, subsisting alive and vivid especially in rural areas through its traditions, practices and myths. Nevertheless, as of today magic and superstition subsist, many practices being worrying and diabolical, which can confound the faithful on matters of their faith. This dissertation studies these practices to understand what gave birth to popular religiosity, through the analysis of the religions present in the Iberic peninsula when Cristianity arrived in Portugal and of the circumstances which led to the transformation of religious and popular customs. The position taken by the Catholic hierarchy on this matter, in particular the pastoral action of St. Martin of Braga and the Plenary Council of Portugal are fundamental sources to understand this subject.
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Keywords
Religiosidade popular Superstição Magia Mito Folk religion Superstition Wizardry Myth