The baby version of the interpersonal mindfulness in parenting scale: psychometric properties and factor structure in a sample of Portuguese mothers in the post-partum period

Moreira, H.; Ventura, D.; Maia, B. Rodrigues; Canavarro, M. C.

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/54176

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The Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting scale (IM-P) is a self-report questionnaire for measuring mindful parenting among parents of children and adolescents (Duncan, 2007; Moreira & Canavarro, 2017). We developed an adapted version for parents of infants aged 0 to 12 months that is similar to the original IM-P but items were adapted for parents of newborns-infants. The Portuguese baby version contains 28 items distributed across five subscales, following the structure of the Portuguese IM-P version: 1) Listening with Full Attention (LFA); 2) Compassion for the Child (CC); 3) Non-Judgmental Acceptance of Parental Functioning (NJAPF); 4) Self-Regulation in Parenting (SRP), and 5) Emotional Awareness of the Child (EAC). This study aims to explore the psychometric properties of the IMP-Baby version and confirm its factor structure. Two studies were developed. Study 1 included 560 Portuguese mothers of babies (1-12 months) recruited through an online survey that included the IM-P, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Parenting Stress Scale. Study 2 included 295 mothers of babies (1-12 months) also recruited online. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to confirm whether the five-factor structure would fit the data (correlated an hierarchical models were tested). In both studies the best-fitting model was the correlated five-factor model, which exhibited an adequate fit to the data [Study 1: _2(337) = 884.14, p < .001, CFI = .903, SMSR = .053, RMSEA = .054, BC90%CI = .05/.06; Study 2: _2(337) = 564.74, p < .001, CFI = .905, SMSR = .063, RMSEA = .048, BC90%CI =.04/.06]. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.84 for LFA; 0.76 for CC; 0.77 for NJAPF; 0.75 for SRP and 0.68 for EAC. Significant and negative correlations were found between mindful parenting dimensions and anxiety, depression, and parenting stress. This study demonstrated that mindful parenting can be reliably measured among parents of infants and is the first to explore the psychometric adequacy of an adapted version of the IM-P for this specific population.