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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O conceito “sharp power” foi cunhado em 2017 para descrever um poder que não se enquadrava nos clássicos tipos de “duro” ou “suave”. Baseava-se na manipulação, deceção, e subversão, práticas por si antigas. Dois anos depois, surgiu a COVID-19, um vírus originalmente identificado na República Popular da China (RPC), que num espaço de meses evoluiu para uma pandemia. Perante os possíveis danos à sua reputação, a RPC centrou todos os seus esforços na contenção da história através da gestão de perceção. A perseverança do Estado e a sua luta pela hegemonia passou a depender da vitória da história de que “A China estava a vencer a guerra contra a COVID-19.” É sobre este quadro que a investigação se desenvolve, numa busca pela autonomia conceptual do sharp power, justificando-o, e cisando-o do soft power. Através do estudo da narrativa chinesa da COVID-19, analisa-se o possível impacto desta forma de poder, e apresenta-se as melhores respostas possíveis. Na Era Digital, onde a comunicação é imediata e omnipresente, o controlo da narrativa é chave. Urge compreender as suas implicações para o sistema internacional.
The concept “sharp power” was coined in 2017 to describe a power that did not fit into the classic types of “hard” or “soft”. It was based on manipulation, deception and subversion, practices that are ancient in themselves. Two years later came COVID-19, a virus originally identified in the People's Republic of China (PRC), which within months evolved into a pandemic. Faced with the possible damage to its reputation, the PRC focused all its efforts on containing the story through perception management. The state's perseverance and its struggle for hegemony came to depend on the victory of the story that "China was winning the war against COVID-19." It is upon this framework that the research develops, in a search for the conceptual autonomy of sharp power, justifying it, and autonomizing it from soft power. Through the study of the Chinese narrative of COVID-19, the possible impact of this form of power is analysed, and the best possible answers presented. In the Digital Era, where communication is immediate and universal, narrative control is key. It is urgent to understand its implications for the international system.
The concept “sharp power” was coined in 2017 to describe a power that did not fit into the classic types of “hard” or “soft”. It was based on manipulation, deception and subversion, practices that are ancient in themselves. Two years later came COVID-19, a virus originally identified in the People's Republic of China (PRC), which within months evolved into a pandemic. Faced with the possible damage to its reputation, the PRC focused all its efforts on containing the story through perception management. The state's perseverance and its struggle for hegemony came to depend on the victory of the story that "China was winning the war against COVID-19." It is upon this framework that the research develops, in a search for the conceptual autonomy of sharp power, justifying it, and autonomizing it from soft power. Through the study of the Chinese narrative of COVID-19, the possible impact of this form of power is analysed, and the best possible answers presented. In the Digital Era, where communication is immediate and universal, narrative control is key. It is urgent to understand its implications for the international system.
Description
Keywords
República Popular da China Sharp power Gestão de perceção COVID-19 Estados Unidos da América Manipulação Subversão People's Republic of China Perception management United States of America Manipulation Subversion