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Abstract(s)
Introdução. O carcinoma de células escamosas de cabeça e pescoço é o subtipo histológico de cancro de cabeça e pescoço com maior incidência (cerca de 90% dos casos). As principais formas de tratamento são a cirurgia, a radioterapia e intervenções como quimioterapia, terapia molecular direcionada e imunoterapia. Este trabalho teve por objetivo sintetizar o conhecimento existente na literatura sobre o possível impacto dos SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) envolvidos em vias de reparação de DNA no resultado do tratamento (radioterapêutico, quimioterapêutico ou ambos) em pacientes diagnosticados com carcinoma de células escamosas da cabeça e pescoço. Materiais e Métodos. Foi executada uma revisão sistemática através da estratégia PRISMA estabelecendo a questão de investigação segundo os princípios PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison e Outcome). A expressão de pesquisa foi inserida nas bases de dados Web of Science e PubMed. Inicialmente não foram utilizados filtros e/ou restrições. Com auxílio da plataforma Rayyan, dois revisores independentes selecionaram 37 artigos para inclusão no estudo. Resultados. Os outcomes analisados foram agrupados em toxicidade da terapia (n=45), desfecho global para o paciente (n=41) e eficácia da terapia (n=17). As localizações anatómicas mais estudadas foram a hipofaringe e a orofaringe. A via de reparação de DNA mais encontrada foi a NER. O gene com maior frequência nos estudos foi o ERCC2. A medicação mais utilizada foi a cisplatina. Conclusão. Os SNPs presentes nos genes da reparação do DNA são excelentes marcadores biológicos para o estudo da resposta à quimio e/ou radioterapia. No entanto, a complexidade dos processos biológicos das vias de reparação do DNA, a presença de fatores como etnia, estadio e localização anatómica dos tumores, etilismo, tabagismo e de infecções prévias por HPV dificulta a padronização das pesquisas para que se consiga resultados com maior confiabilidade.
Introduction. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is the histological subtype of head and neck cancer with the highest incidence (about 90% of cases). The main forms of treatment are surgery, radiotherapy and interventions such as chemotherapy, targeted molecular therapy and immunotherapy. This work aimed to synthesize the existing knowledge in the literature about the possible impact of SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) involved in DNA repair pathways on the outcome of treatment (radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both) in patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Methods. A systematic review was performed using the PICO strategy (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome) and complying with the PRISMA criteria. The search expression was entered into the WoS (Web of Science) and PubMed databases. Initially, filters and/or restrictions were not used for the searches. With the help of the Rayyan platform, two independent reviewers selected 37 articles from the search results for inclusion in our study. Results. The outcomes analyzed were grouped into therapy toxicity (n=45), global outcome for the patient (n=41) and therapy efficacy (n=17). The most studied anatomical sites were the hypopharynx and the oropharynx. The most common DNA repair pathway was NER. The most frequent gene in the studies was ERCC2. The most commonly used medication was cisplatin. Conclusion. The SNPs present in DNA repair genes are excellent biological markers for studying the response to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. However, the complexity of the biological processes of DNA repair pathways, the presence of factors such as ethnicity, stage and anatomical location of tumors, alcohol consumption, smoking and previous HPV infections make it difficult to standardize research in order to achieve results with greater reliability.
Introduction. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is the histological subtype of head and neck cancer with the highest incidence (about 90% of cases). The main forms of treatment are surgery, radiotherapy and interventions such as chemotherapy, targeted molecular therapy and immunotherapy. This work aimed to synthesize the existing knowledge in the literature about the possible impact of SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) involved in DNA repair pathways on the outcome of treatment (radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both) in patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Methods. A systematic review was performed using the PICO strategy (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome) and complying with the PRISMA criteria. The search expression was entered into the WoS (Web of Science) and PubMed databases. Initially, filters and/or restrictions were not used for the searches. With the help of the Rayyan platform, two independent reviewers selected 37 articles from the search results for inclusion in our study. Results. The outcomes analyzed were grouped into therapy toxicity (n=45), global outcome for the patient (n=41) and therapy efficacy (n=17). The most studied anatomical sites were the hypopharynx and the oropharynx. The most common DNA repair pathway was NER. The most frequent gene in the studies was ERCC2. The most commonly used medication was cisplatin. Conclusion. The SNPs present in DNA repair genes are excellent biological markers for studying the response to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. However, the complexity of the biological processes of DNA repair pathways, the presence of factors such as ethnicity, stage and anatomical location of tumors, alcohol consumption, smoking and previous HPV infections make it difficult to standardize research in order to achieve results with greater reliability.
Description
Keywords
Polimorfismos de um único nucleotídeo Reparação de DNA Carcinoma de células escamosas da cabeça e pescoço Agentes antineoplásicos Radioterapia Quimiorradioterapia Single nucleotide polymorphism DNA repair Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck Antineoplastic agents Radiotherapy Chemoradiotherapy