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Abstract(s)
A Igreja Católica é a religião com maior representatividade em Portugal, estima-se que o legado histórico e artístico eclesiástico corresponda a cerca de 75% de todo o património português. A profusão de relicários artísticos, de formas e materiais diversos utilizados para a finalidade de conservar e glorificar as relíquias, contribuiu largamente para este legado. De entre os conjuntos de relicários que perduraram no tempo intactos, um deles é proveniente do Mosteiro de Nossa Senhora da Graça, atualmente pertencente à Igreja de S. Vicente em Abrantes (distrito de Santarém). Este conjunto de vinte relicários com diferentes tipologias é definido pela singularidade artística e caráter único sem intervenções posteriores. Destaca-se pela sua riqueza material, trabalho artístico característico do século XVII, mas também pelo debilitado estado de conservação. A deterioração deste conjunto é notória, não só pela passagem dos séculos, mas também por todos os fatores de meio ambiente a que as esculturas estiveram sujeitas. Selecionaram-se quatro relicários - S. Isidro Padroeiro de Madrid, S. Agapito Martir, S. Paulino, S. Lucio P.M. - do presente conjunto, para desenvolver estudos na área do contexto-histórico, da iconografia, da analítica e da conservação-restauro. No contexto-histórico identificou-se o Mosteiro de Nossa Senhora de Graça, demolido em 1901, e reviu-se o inventário de bens culturais e de extinção do mosteiro no Arquivo Histórico do Concelho de Abrantes e na Torre do Tombo. A conjuntura iconográfica permitiu situar o retábulo-relicário a que estes relicários pertenceram e traçou a correspondência de uma relíquia do presente conjunto ao corpo incorrupto do santo, ao qual, supostamente, pertence. O estudo analítico foi efetuado com o recurso a radiografia, observação por microscopia ótica de cortes estratigráficos, Micro-Espectrometria de Infravermelhos com Transformada de Fourier (micro-FTIR) e Micro-Espetrometria de Fluorescência de Raios X. Este apoio permitiu compreender melhor alguns fatores de degradação, como as zonas lacunares de policromia e direcionar os procedimentos de conservação e restauro. Esta intervenção, realizada no Laboratório José de Figueiredo (Lisboa), consistiu na reestruturação do suporte de madeira e na reintegração da policromia a técnica de têmpera.
The Catholic Church is the most represented religion in Portugal, it is estimated that the ecclesiastical historical and artistic legacy corresponds to around 75% of all portuguese heritage. The profusion of artistic reliquaries, of different shapes and materials used for the purpose of conserving and glorifying relics, largely contributed to this legacy. Among the sets of reliquaries that have survived intact over time, one of them comes from the Monastery of Nossa Senhora da Graça, currently belonging to the Church of S. Vicente in Abrantes (district of Santarém). This set of twenty reliquaries with different typologies is defined by their artistic singularity and their unique character without subsequent interventions. It stands out for its material wealth, artistic work characteristic of the 17th century, and for its state of deterioration. The deterioration of this ensemble is notable, not only due to the passage of centuries, but also due to all the environmental factors to which the sculptures were subjected. Four reliquaries were selected - S. Isidro Padroeiro de Madrid, S. Agapito Martir, S. Paulino, S. Lucio P.M. - from the present set, to develop studies in historical context, iconography, analytics and conservation- restoration. In the historical context, the Monastery of Nossa Senhora de Graça, demolished in 1901, was identified and the inventory of cultural and extinct assets of the monastery was reviewed in the Historical Archive of the Municipality of Abrantes and in Torre do Tombo. The iconographic situation made it possible to locate the altarpiece-reliquary to which these reliquaries belonged and traced the correspondence of a relic from the present set to the incorrupt body of the saint, to which it supposedly belongs. The analytical study was carried out using radiography, optical microscopy observation of stratigraphic sections, Fourier Transform Infrared Micro-Spectrometry (micro-FTIR) and X-ray Fluorescence Micro-Spectrometry. This support allowed us to better understand some factors of degradation, such as lacunar areas of polychromy and direct conservation and restoration procedures. This intervention, carried out at the José de Figueiredo Laboratory (Lisbon), consisted of restructuring the wooden support and reintegrating polychromy into the tempering technique.
The Catholic Church is the most represented religion in Portugal, it is estimated that the ecclesiastical historical and artistic legacy corresponds to around 75% of all portuguese heritage. The profusion of artistic reliquaries, of different shapes and materials used for the purpose of conserving and glorifying relics, largely contributed to this legacy. Among the sets of reliquaries that have survived intact over time, one of them comes from the Monastery of Nossa Senhora da Graça, currently belonging to the Church of S. Vicente in Abrantes (district of Santarém). This set of twenty reliquaries with different typologies is defined by their artistic singularity and their unique character without subsequent interventions. It stands out for its material wealth, artistic work characteristic of the 17th century, and for its state of deterioration. The deterioration of this ensemble is notable, not only due to the passage of centuries, but also due to all the environmental factors to which the sculptures were subjected. Four reliquaries were selected - S. Isidro Padroeiro de Madrid, S. Agapito Martir, S. Paulino, S. Lucio P.M. - from the present set, to develop studies in historical context, iconography, analytics and conservation- restoration. In the historical context, the Monastery of Nossa Senhora de Graça, demolished in 1901, was identified and the inventory of cultural and extinct assets of the monastery was reviewed in the Historical Archive of the Municipality of Abrantes and in Torre do Tombo. The iconographic situation made it possible to locate the altarpiece-reliquary to which these reliquaries belonged and traced the correspondence of a relic from the present set to the incorrupt body of the saint, to which it supposedly belongs. The analytical study was carried out using radiography, optical microscopy observation of stratigraphic sections, Fourier Transform Infrared Micro-Spectrometry (micro-FTIR) and X-ray Fluorescence Micro-Spectrometry. This support allowed us to better understand some factors of degradation, such as lacunar areas of polychromy and direct conservation and restoration procedures. This intervention, carried out at the José de Figueiredo Laboratory (Lisbon), consisted of restructuring the wooden support and reintegrating polychromy into the tempering technique.
Description
Keywords
Relicários Iconografia Identificação material Conservação e restauro Reliquaries Iconography Material identification Conservation and restoration