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Abstract(s)
Historicamente, o Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) e o indicador mais utilizado para medir o crescimento económico e o bem-estar. O PIB corresponde a soma dos valores de todos os bens e serviços finais que foram produzidos dentro da fronteira de uma nação, independentemente de quem produz (Dornbusch et al., 2011) e permite a avaliação da riqueza de uma determinada nação de acordo com o seu desempenho económico. (Campus & Porcu, 2010) A utilização do PIB como medida de bem-estar e progresso da sociedade tem sido muito criticada, uma vez que esta medida não foi desenvolvida com este propósito e como consequência não e a melhor medida para atingir este objetivo. Devido as limitações do PIB enquanto medida de progresso e bem-estar das nações e necessário que sejam utilizadas outras medidas que o complementem e que colmatem estas limitações, medidas estas que coloquem as pessoas no centro das politicas e que promovam o uso mais eficiente dos recursos naturais limitados, ou seja, medidas que promovam o desenvolvimento sustentável. O presente trabalho final de mestrado tem como objetivos: (1) perceber em que nível esta o desenvolvimento português, (2) identificar as tendências do progresso nacional, (3) perceber as principais diferenças na evolução dos índices e indicadores e aferir se existe diferença nas conclusões que tem como base o PIB e as que tem por base outros indicadores. O que se pode concluir com a realização do trabalho e que a nível nacional o foco ainda continua a ser o crescimento económico, uma vez que a taxa de crescimento do PIB e maior do que a taxa de crescimento dos outros indicadores de desenvolvimento.
Historically, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the most used indicator to measure economic growth and well-being. GDP corresponds to the sum of the values of all final goods and services that were produced within a nation's border, regardless of who produces it (Dornbusch et al., 2011) and allows the assessment of the wealth of a given nation according to their economic performance. (Campus & Porcu, 2010) The use of GDP as a measure of well-being and progress has been widely criticized, since this measure was not developed for this purpose and as a consequence is not the best measure to achieve this goal. Due to the limitations of GDP as a measure of progress and the well-being, it is necessary to develop other measures that overcome these limitations, measures that put people in the center of the policies and that promote the most efficient use of natural resources, that is, measures that promote sustainable development. The purpose of this Master's Final Assignment are: (1) study the level of development in Portugal, (2) identify trends of national progress, (3) to perceive the main differences between the evolution of the indicators and assess if there is a difference between the conclusions based on GDP and the others indicators. We can conclude that at the national level the focus is still on economic growth, since the growth rate of GDP is higher than the growth rate of the other development indicators.
Historically, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the most used indicator to measure economic growth and well-being. GDP corresponds to the sum of the values of all final goods and services that were produced within a nation's border, regardless of who produces it (Dornbusch et al., 2011) and allows the assessment of the wealth of a given nation according to their economic performance. (Campus & Porcu, 2010) The use of GDP as a measure of well-being and progress has been widely criticized, since this measure was not developed for this purpose and as a consequence is not the best measure to achieve this goal. Due to the limitations of GDP as a measure of progress and the well-being, it is necessary to develop other measures that overcome these limitations, measures that put people in the center of the policies and that promote the most efficient use of natural resources, that is, measures that promote sustainable development. The purpose of this Master's Final Assignment are: (1) study the level of development in Portugal, (2) identify trends of national progress, (3) to perceive the main differences between the evolution of the indicators and assess if there is a difference between the conclusions based on GDP and the others indicators. We can conclude that at the national level the focus is still on economic growth, since the growth rate of GDP is higher than the growth rate of the other development indicators.
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Keywords
Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) Bem-estar Desenvolvimento sustentável Limitações do PIB Desenvolvimento português Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Well-being Sustainable development GDP limitations and Portuguese development