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Abstract(s)
Ampliar a capacidade dos indivíduos de controlarem a sua saúde é a premissa básica de promoção da saúde. A escola, enquanto espaço social e singular de reflexão sobre os percursos de vida surge como um setting potencialmente promotor de saúde que, ao envolver os agentes da sua comunidade em projetos de intervenção preventivos, confere-lhes o poder de os desenvolver, baseado no conceito de empoderamento comunitário.
O presente Relatório descreve e analisa o processo de aprendizagem das atividades desenvolvidas, com base na metodologia de Planeamento em Saúde, desde o diagnóstico de situação à avaliação do projeto de intervenção, entre Abril de 2014 e Janeiro de 2015 numa Unidade de Saúde Pública do Norte de Portugal. Inserido num projeto de investigação em contexto escolar descrito como bottom-up e de abordagem longitudinal (2014-2023), a gestão comunitária eficaz assume-se como objetivo principal do projeto, através de uma tomada de decisão clínica em enfermagem em três focos de atenção: o Processo de Tomada de Decisão, o Papel Parental e o Papel Profissional, que analisam a população alvo do projeto (os alunos com início no 3º ano do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico até ao 12º ano, os seus encarregados de educação e docentes de um concelho do Norte de Portugal).
Os diagnósticos de enfermagem formulados após o diagnóstico de situação foram: Papel Profissional Efetivo em 8% e Papel Parental efetivo em 3%. Os domínios que fundamentam o projeto são os comportamentos associados ao consumo de substâncias psicoativas, os comportamentos aditivos sem substância e os comportamentos associados à sexualidade. Na definição de prioridades estabeleceu-se como problema prioritário nos encarregados de educação (que constituem a amostra intervencionada) o conhecimento sobre fatores influenciadores e fatores protetores do consumo de substâncias psicoativas nos adolescentes. Uma das metas não foi atingida com a intervenção na amostra, mostrando a necessidade de reformulações futuras.
Expanding the capacity of individuals to control their health is the basic premise of health's promotion. School, as a social and singular space of reflection about life's paths, emerges as a potential health-promoting setting that, by involving its community's agents in preventive projects of intervention, confers them the power to develop them, based on the concept of community empowerment. The present Report, describes and analyses the learning process of the developed activities, based on Health's Planning methodology, starting from the situation diagnosis and finishes with the intervention project evaluation, between April, 2014 and January, 2015, held at a Public's Health Unit in the North of Portugal. Included in an investigation process on a school context that is described as bottom-up with a longitudinal approach (2014-2023), the effective community management is assumed as the main objective of the project, through a clinical decision-making in nursing in three foci of attention: the Decision Making Process, the Parental Role and the Professional Role, that analises the project target population (students starting from the 3rd year of the Basic School 1st Cycle until the 12th year), their parents and teachers of a county in the North of Portugal. The nursing diagnoses formulated after the situation diagnosis were: Professional Role effective in 88% and Parental Role effective in 3%. The domains that underlie the project are the associated behaviours to the consumption of psychoactive substances, the addictive behaviours without substance and the behaviours associated to sexuality. When defining priorities, it was established as priority problems on the parents, which constitute the intervention sample, the knowledge of the influencing factors and the protective factors of the psychoactive substances’ consumption by teenagers. One of the goals was not achieved with the intervention on the sample, showing the need for future reformulations.
Expanding the capacity of individuals to control their health is the basic premise of health's promotion. School, as a social and singular space of reflection about life's paths, emerges as a potential health-promoting setting that, by involving its community's agents in preventive projects of intervention, confers them the power to develop them, based on the concept of community empowerment. The present Report, describes and analyses the learning process of the developed activities, based on Health's Planning methodology, starting from the situation diagnosis and finishes with the intervention project evaluation, between April, 2014 and January, 2015, held at a Public's Health Unit in the North of Portugal. Included in an investigation process on a school context that is described as bottom-up with a longitudinal approach (2014-2023), the effective community management is assumed as the main objective of the project, through a clinical decision-making in nursing in three foci of attention: the Decision Making Process, the Parental Role and the Professional Role, that analises the project target population (students starting from the 3rd year of the Basic School 1st Cycle until the 12th year), their parents and teachers of a county in the North of Portugal. The nursing diagnoses formulated after the situation diagnosis were: Professional Role effective in 88% and Parental Role effective in 3%. The domains that underlie the project are the associated behaviours to the consumption of psychoactive substances, the addictive behaviours without substance and the behaviours associated to sexuality. When defining priorities, it was established as priority problems on the parents, which constitute the intervention sample, the knowledge of the influencing factors and the protective factors of the psychoactive substances’ consumption by teenagers. One of the goals was not achieved with the intervention on the sample, showing the need for future reformulations.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem em saúde comunitária Saúde escolar Empoderamento Community health nursing School health Empowerment