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A omissão na execução de planos urbanísticos e a responsabilidade civil dos municípios
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Abstract(s)
A desorganizada e dispersa ocupação territorial herdada dos Planos Diretores Municipais de primeira geração levou a que se repensasse o planeamento urbanístico. Passou a apostar-se na execução sistemática e coordenada dos planos, através, nomeadamente, da delimitação de unidades de execução. Ainda assim, os municípios, enquanto entidade responsável pelo planeamento, têm feito depender a concreta execução dos planos de determinadas condições, muitas vezes não controláveis pelos proprietários, individualmente (nomeadamente, do consenso entre particulares). Este problema, que afeta a exequibilidade dos planos, precisa de uma conduta ativa dos municípios. A questão que se coloca é a de saber se é possível, tendo em conta a discricionariedade de planeamento, configurar um verdadeiro dever jurídico de execução sistemática dos planos a recair sobre os municípios. E se estes podem ser responsabilizados pelo seu incumprimento, ainda que omissivo.
The disorganised and dispersed territorial occupation inherited from the first generation of Municipal Master Plans led to a rethink of urban planning. The focus has shifted to the systematic and coordinated implementation of plans, namely through the delimitation of implementation units. Even so, municipalities, as the ones responsible for planning, have made the actual implementation of plans dependent on certain conditions, often not controllable by owners individually (namely, consensus between private individuals). This problem, which affects the feasibility of the plans, requires na active behaviour from the municipalities. The question that arises is whether it is possible, given the discretionary nature of planning, to create a real legal duty for municipalities to systematically implement plans. And whether they can be held liable for non-compliance, even if it is due to omission.
The disorganised and dispersed territorial occupation inherited from the first generation of Municipal Master Plans led to a rethink of urban planning. The focus has shifted to the systematic and coordinated implementation of plans, namely through the delimitation of implementation units. Even so, municipalities, as the ones responsible for planning, have made the actual implementation of plans dependent on certain conditions, often not controllable by owners individually (namely, consensus between private individuals). This problem, which affects the feasibility of the plans, requires na active behaviour from the municipalities. The question that arises is whether it is possible, given the discretionary nature of planning, to create a real legal duty for municipalities to systematically implement plans. And whether they can be held liable for non-compliance, even if it is due to omission.
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Keywords
Planeamento urbanístico Execução programada de planos Discricionariedade de planeamento Responsabilidade civil por omissão Urban planning Scheduled plan implementation Discretion in urban planning Civil liability by omission
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Without CC licence