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Abstract(s)
A dissertação que ora se apresenta tem como principal desígnio o estudo do crime de violação, com o fito de evidenciar as tendências desculpabilizadoras da conduta do agressor patentes nas decisões judiciais portuguesas. Principiamos esta exposição traçando o percurso histórico-evolutivo da disposição legal (artigo 164.º do Código Penal), com especial tónica nas questões de género que a envolvem; posteriormente daremos atenção, ainda que breve, ao ilícito propriamente dito, procurando aclarar, não só as condutas que o integram, como também outras problemáticas que têm vindo a cercar o preenchimento do tipo, sem esquecer os fatores legais e extralegais que condicionam a tomada de decisão por parte do julgador. Esperamos que a presente dissertação funcione como um alerta quanto ao poder que o Direito pode (e deve) ter na erradicação da desigualdade de género, impulsionando a mudança necessária e espoletando a consciencialização de que a tomada de decisão, neste tipo de matérias, com base, exclusivamente, nas aceções pessoais do julgador, espelha um verdadeiro problema de ordem social, política e jurídica, que deverá apelar a todos.
The fundamental aim of the following dissertation is the study of the crime of rape, with the aim of highlighting the excusing tendencies of the aggressor's conduct in Portuguese judicial decisions. We will start this exhibition by tracing the historical-evolutionary path of the legal provision (article 164 of the Penal Code), giving a special emphasis on the gender issues involving it; we will analyze, albeit briefly, the illicit itself, seeking to clarify, not only the conducts that typify the crime, but also other problematics that surround the legal type, without forgetting the legal and extralegal factors that condition the decision-making of the courts. We hope that the present dissertation will serve as a warning as to the power that Law can (and should) have in the eradication of gender inequality, driving the necessary change and triggering the awareness that the decision-making, in this type of matter, based exclusively on the judge's personal beliefs, reflects a real problem of a social, political and legal order, which should appeal to everyone.
The fundamental aim of the following dissertation is the study of the crime of rape, with the aim of highlighting the excusing tendencies of the aggressor's conduct in Portuguese judicial decisions. We will start this exhibition by tracing the historical-evolutionary path of the legal provision (article 164 of the Penal Code), giving a special emphasis on the gender issues involving it; we will analyze, albeit briefly, the illicit itself, seeking to clarify, not only the conducts that typify the crime, but also other problematics that surround the legal type, without forgetting the legal and extralegal factors that condition the decision-making of the courts. We hope that the present dissertation will serve as a warning as to the power that Law can (and should) have in the eradication of gender inequality, driving the necessary change and triggering the awareness that the decision-making, in this type of matter, based exclusively on the judge's personal beliefs, reflects a real problem of a social, political and legal order, which should appeal to everyone.
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Keywords
Violação Género Liberdade e autodeterminação Sexual Constrangimento Atenuantes Decisões Judiciais Rape Gender Freedom and sexual self-determination Constraint Mitigations Judicial decisions