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Cuidar das pessoas com sinais de demência : Intervenção de enfermagem comunitária com cuidadores
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| 12.3 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Atualmente o fenómeno do envelhecimento é uma realidade mundial. As alterações demográficas trazem consequências para a saúde, levando ao aumento da prevalência de doenças não transmissíveis de evolução prolongada, sendo uma dessas patologias a demência. (OMS, 2015). Portugal apresenta 1,88% da população com demência e estima-se que em 2050, o número aumentará para 3,82% (Alzheimer Europe, 2019). As demências acarretam perdas funcionais, nomeadamente ao nível da autonomia das pessoas idosas. Esta perda de autonomia leva à dependência e consequentemente à procura de respostas sociais que visam apoiar as famílias, surgindo assim o conceito de cuidador formal. Estes cuidadores nem sempre têm formação na área da prestação de cuidados à pessoa com sinais de demência, pelo que cabe à enfermagem comunitária desenvolver estratégias para capacitar e empoderar este grupo profissional com vista ao aumento de conhecimentos e à melhoria da qualidade dos cuidados por eles prestados. O projeto foi desenvolvido num serviço de apoio domiciliário, integrado numa Instituição de Solidariedade Social, na área de abrangência da Unidade de Cuidados na Comunidade (UCC) “Saúde a seu Lado”. Teve como objetivo contribuir para a capacitação das ajudantes familiares do serviço de apoio domiciliário (SAD), relativamente à prestação de cuidados à pessoa com sinais de demência. Foi suportado na Metodologia do Planeamento da Saúde e pelo Modelo Teórico de Dorothea Orem. Face ao diagnóstico de situação, resultados obtidos, priorização dos diagnósticos e definição de estratégias, foram desenvolvidas intervenções no âmbito da educação para a saúde em colaboração com a Enfermeira Especialista em Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica da UCC. A participação do grupo, a adesão e a satisfação nas sessões realizadas foi positiva, sugerindo ganhos significativos na aquisição de conhecimentos, fundamental para o capacitação dos cuidadores formais. As atividades desenvolvidas contribuíram para o desenvolvimento de competências específicas do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem comunitária e de saúde pública.
Currently, the phenomenon of ageing is a worldwide reality. Demographic changes bring consequences for health, leading to an increase in the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases of prolonged evolution, one of these pathologies being dementia. (WHO, 2015). Portugal presents 1.88% of the population with dementia and it is estimated that in 2050, the number will increase to 3.82% (Alzheimer Europe, 2019). Dementias lead to functional losses, namely at the level of autonomy of the elderly. This loss of autonomy leads to dependence and, consequently, to the search for social responses aimed at supporting families, thus emerging the concept of formal caregiver. These caregivers are not always trained in the area of care provision to people with signs of dementia, so community nursing should develop strategies to train and empower this professional group with a view to increasing their knowledge and improving the quality of care provided by them. The project was developed in a home support service, integrated into a Social Solidarity Institution, in the area covered by the Community Care Unit (CCU) "Saúde a seu Lado". It aimed to contribute to the capacity building of family helpers of the home support service, regarding the provision of care to persons with signs of dementia. It was based on the Health Planning Methodology and Dorothea Orem's Theoretical Model. Based on the diagnosis of the situation, the results obtained, the prioritisation of diagnoses and the definition of strategies, interventions were developed within the scope of health education in collaboration with the Mental Health and Psychiatric Specialist Nurse of the CCU. The group's participation, adherence and satisfaction in the sessions held was positive, suggesting significant gains in knowledge acquisition, fundamental to the empowerment of formal caregivers. The activities developed contributed to the development of specific skills of the nurse specialist in community nursing and public health.
Currently, the phenomenon of ageing is a worldwide reality. Demographic changes bring consequences for health, leading to an increase in the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases of prolonged evolution, one of these pathologies being dementia. (WHO, 2015). Portugal presents 1.88% of the population with dementia and it is estimated that in 2050, the number will increase to 3.82% (Alzheimer Europe, 2019). Dementias lead to functional losses, namely at the level of autonomy of the elderly. This loss of autonomy leads to dependence and, consequently, to the search for social responses aimed at supporting families, thus emerging the concept of formal caregiver. These caregivers are not always trained in the area of care provision to people with signs of dementia, so community nursing should develop strategies to train and empower this professional group with a view to increasing their knowledge and improving the quality of care provided by them. The project was developed in a home support service, integrated into a Social Solidarity Institution, in the area covered by the Community Care Unit (CCU) "Saúde a seu Lado". It aimed to contribute to the capacity building of family helpers of the home support service, regarding the provision of care to persons with signs of dementia. It was based on the Health Planning Methodology and Dorothea Orem's Theoretical Model. Based on the diagnosis of the situation, the results obtained, the prioritisation of diagnoses and the definition of strategies, interventions were developed within the scope of health education in collaboration with the Mental Health and Psychiatric Specialist Nurse of the CCU. The group's participation, adherence and satisfaction in the sessions held was positive, suggesting significant gains in knowledge acquisition, fundamental to the empowerment of formal caregivers. The activities developed contributed to the development of specific skills of the nurse specialist in community nursing and public health.
Description
Keywords
Pessoa idosa Demência Domicílio Cuidador formal Enfermagem comunitária Elderly Dementia Home support service Formal caregiver Community nursing