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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As organizações sem fins lucrativos são responsáveis por uma parcela cada vez maior de atividades económicas. Dadas as diferenças entre organizações com fins lucrativos e sem fins lucrativos, é importante examinar o impacto que as decisões das organizações sem fins lucrativos têm sobre os resultados no mercado, bem como as políticas e objetivos definidos e implementados por cada tipo de organização mudam o equilíbrio de mercado. O principal objetivo desta tese é contribuir para este campo de estudo, revendo e homogeneizando a literatura teórica que analisa o equilíbrio de mercado em monopólio e duopólio na presença de organizações sem fins lucrativos. Os resultados parecem sugerir que, em monopólio, uma organização sem fins lucrativos irá cobrar preços mais baixos do que uma organização com fins lucrativos. Quando uma organização sem fins lucrativos e com fins lucrativos competem no mesmo mercado, o nível geral de produção será maior, o preço mais baixo e existirá uma melhoria de bem-estar para os consumidores. A presente tese pode ser um ponto de partida útil para orientar pesquisas futuras sobre este tema. Em particular, identifico os seguintes campos de pesquisa futuros. Primeiro, nos mercados de oligopólio, a literatura ainda é muito limitada, por isso seria interessante aumentá-la neste campo de estudo. Segundo, seria importante analisar o equilíbrio do mercado em duopólio quando as decisões de preço ou quantidade entre concorrentes não são simultâneas.
Non-profit organizations account for an increasingly large share of economic activities. Given the differences between for-profits and non-profits, it is important to examine the impact that the non-profit’s decisions have on market outcomes, as well as how the policies and objectives defined and implemented by each type of organization change the market equilibrium. The main goal of this thesis is to contribute to this field of study by reviewing and homogenizing the theoretical literature that examines monopoly and duopoly market equilibrium in the presence of non-profit organizations. The results seem to suggest that in a monopoly a non-profit will charge lower prices than a for-profit. When a non-profit and a for-profit competes in the same market, the overall level of output will be higher, the price lower and a welfare improving for consumers. The present thesis can be helpful starting point to guide further research on this topic. In particular, I identify the following future research avenues. First, in oligopoly markets, the literature is still very limited, so it will be interesting to increase the literature in this field of study. Second, it would be important to examine duopoly market equilibrium when the price or quantity decisions between competitors are not simultaneous.
Non-profit organizations account for an increasingly large share of economic activities. Given the differences between for-profits and non-profits, it is important to examine the impact that the non-profit’s decisions have on market outcomes, as well as how the policies and objectives defined and implemented by each type of organization change the market equilibrium. The main goal of this thesis is to contribute to this field of study by reviewing and homogenizing the theoretical literature that examines monopoly and duopoly market equilibrium in the presence of non-profit organizations. The results seem to suggest that in a monopoly a non-profit will charge lower prices than a for-profit. When a non-profit and a for-profit competes in the same market, the overall level of output will be higher, the price lower and a welfare improving for consumers. The present thesis can be helpful starting point to guide further research on this topic. In particular, I identify the following future research avenues. First, in oligopoly markets, the literature is still very limited, so it will be interesting to increase the literature in this field of study. Second, it would be important to examine duopoly market equilibrium when the price or quantity decisions between competitors are not simultaneous.
Description
Keywords
Organização sem fins lucrativos Organização com fins lucrativos Monopólio Duopólio Non-profit organization For-profit organization Monopoly Duopoly