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Metamorfose da experiência emocional no acto de cuidar : o processo de uso terapêutico das emoções em enfermagem pediátrica
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O processo de cuidados de enfermagem é um processo relacional, cujas relações interpessoais estão impregnadas de emoções. Actualmente defende-se que lidar com tais emoções é parte integrante do trabalho dos enfermeiros, tornando-se necessária a sua gestão para efectivar uma ajuda aos clientes. Por outro lado, as emoções conferem o sentido humanista ao agir dos enfermeiros, dão sentido ao próprio cuidar e guiam o relacionamento. Mas a literatura disponível não explicita bem estes aspectos emocionais da prática dos enfermeiros. Com este estudo propusemo-nos aprofundar o conhecimento sobre a dimensão emocional da prática de enfermagem, e mais particularmente sobre o uso das emoções enquanto instrumento terapêutico em enfermagem pediátrica. A nossa opção metodológica teve por base pressupostos qualitativos, utilizando como ferramenta de investigação a metodologia da grounded theory. O procedimento de amostragem teórica permitiu alcançar o corpus de dados, obtido através da observação, entrevista e narrativa escrita realizadas a participantes-enfermeiros e participantes-crianças/jovens/familiares, que foi simultaneamente analisado através do método de comparações constantes, comparações teóricas e paradigma do processo constituído por etapas: contexto/condições-acções/interacções-consequências. Utilizámos, ainda, na análise de dados o programa informático NVivo 8, um Software concebido para trabalhar com dados qualitativos facilitando a sua organização e distribuição pela árvore categorial emergente. O desenrolar da teorização permitiu alcançar uma formulação teórica explicativa sobre o uso das emoções em enfermagem pediátrica. O processo de uso terapêutico das emoções no acto de cuidar dos enfermeiros comporta 5 estratégias principais (sub-processos): promover um ambiente seguro e afectuoso, nutrir os cuidados com afecto, gerir as emoções dos clientes, construir a estabilidade na relação e regular a disposição emocional para cuidar (dos enfermeiros). As ligações recíprocas entre estas estratégias ao longo do continuum temporal da relação, permitem transformar positivamente a experiência emocional de doença e hospitalização dos clientes e de cuidar dos enfermeiros – a metamorfose da experiência emocional no acto de cuidar. O conceito central que emergiu é esta metamorfose da experiência emocional que os enfermeiros desenvolvem na sua prática de cuidados, dirigida para os clientes mas também para os próprios, promovendo o bem-estar e o alívio do sofrimento, tal como o crescimento de ambos.
The process of nursing cares is relational, whose interpersonal relationships is impregnated of emotions. At the moment defends that to work with such emotions is integral part of the nursing care, becoming necessary its management for effectiveness help to the clients. On the other hand, the emotions check the sense humanist in acting of the nurse, they give sense to the own caring and they guide the relationship. But the available literature not explicit enough these emotional aspects of the nurse practice. With this study we intended to deepen the knowledge on the emotional dimension of nursing, and more particularly on the use of the emotions as therapeutic instrument in pediatric nursing. Our methodological option had for base qualitative presuppositions, using as investigation tool the methodology of the grounded theory. The procedure of theoretical sampling allowed to reach the corpus of data, obtained through the observation, interview and narrative writing accomplished participant-nurse and participant-children/young/parents, that was analyzed simultaneously through the method of constant comparisons, theoretical comparisons and paradigm of the process constituted by stages: context/conditions-actions/interactions-consequences. We still use in the analysis of data the program computer NVivo 8, software conceived to work with qualitative data facilitating its organization and distribution for the tree emergent categorical. Uncoiling of the theorization allowed reaching an explanatory theoretical formulation on the use of the emotions in pediatric nursing. The process of therapeutic use of the emotions in nursing care floodgate 5 main strategies (sub-processes): to promote a safe and affectionate atmosphere, to nurture the cares with affection, to manage the clients' emotions, to build the stability in the relationship and to regulate the emotional disposition to take care (of the nurse). The reciprocal connections between these strategies and the temporal continuum of the relationship allow transforming the emotional experience of disease and the clients' hospitalization, and of practical nursing care positively – the metamorphosis of the emotional experience in the act of care. The central concept that emerged it is this metamorphosis of the emotional experience that the nurse develop in its practice of care, driven for the clients but also for the own ones, promoting the well-being and the relief of the suffering, just as the growth of both.
The process of nursing cares is relational, whose interpersonal relationships is impregnated of emotions. At the moment defends that to work with such emotions is integral part of the nursing care, becoming necessary its management for effectiveness help to the clients. On the other hand, the emotions check the sense humanist in acting of the nurse, they give sense to the own caring and they guide the relationship. But the available literature not explicit enough these emotional aspects of the nurse practice. With this study we intended to deepen the knowledge on the emotional dimension of nursing, and more particularly on the use of the emotions as therapeutic instrument in pediatric nursing. Our methodological option had for base qualitative presuppositions, using as investigation tool the methodology of the grounded theory. The procedure of theoretical sampling allowed to reach the corpus of data, obtained through the observation, interview and narrative writing accomplished participant-nurse and participant-children/young/parents, that was analyzed simultaneously through the method of constant comparisons, theoretical comparisons and paradigm of the process constituted by stages: context/conditions-actions/interactions-consequences. We still use in the analysis of data the program computer NVivo 8, software conceived to work with qualitative data facilitating its organization and distribution for the tree emergent categorical. Uncoiling of the theorization allowed reaching an explanatory theoretical formulation on the use of the emotions in pediatric nursing. The process of therapeutic use of the emotions in nursing care floodgate 5 main strategies (sub-processes): to promote a safe and affectionate atmosphere, to nurture the cares with affection, to manage the clients' emotions, to build the stability in the relationship and to regulate the emotional disposition to take care (of the nurse). The reciprocal connections between these strategies and the temporal continuum of the relationship allow transforming the emotional experience of disease and the clients' hospitalization, and of practical nursing care positively – the metamorphosis of the emotional experience in the act of care. The central concept that emerged it is this metamorphosis of the emotional experience that the nurse develop in its practice of care, driven for the clients but also for the own ones, promoting the well-being and the relief of the suffering, just as the growth of both.
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