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Introdução: As feridas constituem um desafio para os profissionais de saúde e são um fator determinante na qualidade de vida do indivíduo. Estima-se que é um problema que afeta uma grande parte da população. No entanto, ainda não existem dados suficientes, tanto nacionais como internacionais, que nos permitam compreender a dimensão real desta problemática.
Objetivos: Determinar a prevalência e caraterísticas das feridas dos indivíduos internados num hospital do distrito de Braga.
Metodologia: Estudo descritivo comparativo realizado numa amostra não probabilística, acidental, de indivíduos com ferida internados no Hospital de Braga. O instrumento de colheita visou dados sociodemográficos e profissionais da amostra, antecedentes e fatores de risco, caraterização das feridas, utilização de materiais de alívio de pressão e tratamento da ferida. A colheita foi realizada em 2 dias do mês de Dezembro de 2013.
Resultados: Um total de 587 indivíduos foram estudados no Hospital. A prevalência de indivíduos com ferida foi de 31,86% (n=187). A maioria das feridas eram feridas cirúrgicas (73,8%; n=138), úlceras de pressão (12,3%; n=23) e feridas traumáticas (5,3%; n=10). Cerca de 50% das úlceras de pressão foram adquiridas em contexto hospitalar, e 42% eram graves (categorias III e IV). As principais localizações das úlceras de pressão eram os calcâneos (37,5%) e a região sacrococcígea (29,2%). Cerca de um terço (35,3%) dos indivíduos em risco de desenvolver uma úlcera de pressão não possuíam, aplicado, material de alívio de pressão. Cerca de um quarto das feridas (25,1%; n=47) eram sujeitas a penso diário ou mais do que uma vez ao dia. O tempo médio investido no tratamento à ferida foi de 13,3 ±7,5 minutos. O nível de dor durante o tratamento duplicou. A gaze simples (32,6%) e o iodo (31%) foram os materiais mais utilizados no tratamento à ferida.
Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos encontram-se dentro dos padrões verificados em estudos semelhantes publicados. Através destes resultados compreende-se a necessidade de implementação de políticas institucionais de prevenção e tratamento de feridas.
Introduction: Wounds are a challenge to health professionals and a determining factor in the individual's quality of life. It is estimated this problem affects a large part of the population, however there is insufficient data, both national and international, that allows us to understand the real extent of the subject. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of hospitalized individuals with wounds in an acute setting. Methodology: Comparative descriptive study in an accidental non-probabilistic sample of individuals with wounds admitted to the Hospital de Braga. The survey tool aimed at socio-demographic and professional data, background and risk factors, characterization of wounds, use of pressure relief and wound treatment materials. Audits were carried out in two days of December 2013. Results: A total of 587 subjects were surveyed. The prevalence of patients with wounds was 31,86% (n=187). Most of the wounds were surgical wounds (73,8%; n=138), pressure ulcers (12,3%; n=23) and traumatic wounds (5,3%; n=10). About 50% of pressure ulcers were acquired in the hospital setting, and 42% were severe (category III and IV). The main locations of pressure ulcers were the heels (37,5%) and sacrococcygeal region (29,2%). About one-third (35.3%) of individuals at risk of developing a pressure ulcer had not been applied any pressure relief material. About a quarter of the wounds (25,1%, n=47) had their dressing changed daily or more than once a day. The average time spent in wound treatment was 13,3 ± 7,5 minutes. The level of pain duplicates during treatment. Simple gauze (32,6%) and iodine (31%) were the most widely used materials for wound care. Conclusion: The results obtained are within the standard found in similar studies. Through these results we understand the need to implement institutional policies for the prevention and treatment of wounds.
Introduction: Wounds are a challenge to health professionals and a determining factor in the individual's quality of life. It is estimated this problem affects a large part of the population, however there is insufficient data, both national and international, that allows us to understand the real extent of the subject. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of hospitalized individuals with wounds in an acute setting. Methodology: Comparative descriptive study in an accidental non-probabilistic sample of individuals with wounds admitted to the Hospital de Braga. The survey tool aimed at socio-demographic and professional data, background and risk factors, characterization of wounds, use of pressure relief and wound treatment materials. Audits were carried out in two days of December 2013. Results: A total of 587 subjects were surveyed. The prevalence of patients with wounds was 31,86% (n=187). Most of the wounds were surgical wounds (73,8%; n=138), pressure ulcers (12,3%; n=23) and traumatic wounds (5,3%; n=10). About 50% of pressure ulcers were acquired in the hospital setting, and 42% were severe (category III and IV). The main locations of pressure ulcers were the heels (37,5%) and sacrococcygeal region (29,2%). About one-third (35.3%) of individuals at risk of developing a pressure ulcer had not been applied any pressure relief material. About a quarter of the wounds (25,1%, n=47) had their dressing changed daily or more than once a day. The average time spent in wound treatment was 13,3 ± 7,5 minutes. The level of pain duplicates during treatment. Simple gauze (32,6%) and iodine (31%) were the most widely used materials for wound care. Conclusion: The results obtained are within the standard found in similar studies. Through these results we understand the need to implement institutional policies for the prevention and treatment of wounds.
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Feridas Epidemiologia Hospital Cuidados diferenciados Wounds Epidemiology Acute care