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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Num contexto de globalização, a imigração irregular tem suscitado algumas questões
relevantes para as ciências sociais.
As políticas atuais europeias da gestão da imigração irregular têm reforçado a
detenção e expulsão como mecanismo de controlo desses fluxos (Grant; 2011; Boswell,
2007). O medo destes cidadãos estrangeiros no seio da sociedade, legitima estes mecanismos
de controlo social com impactos a nível físico e psicológico (Devas Project, 2009).
Em Portugal, o prazo limite de detenção em Centro de Instalação Temporário (CIT)
em Portugal é de 60 dias (Lei 29/2012, de 4 de Julho). Por este Centro, passaram 162 pessoas
em 2013 (JRS, 2013), com uma permanência de aproximadamente 26 dias (26,2) (JRS, 2013).
Face a esta constatação, este estudo, de índole qualitativa, tem como objetivo perceber quais
foram as razões que levaram 10 participantes, detidos em CIT entre Abril 2013 e Março 2014,
a saírem do seu país de origem e identificar quais os motivos que explicaram a sua
irregularidade. Em segundo lugar, à luz do percurso migratório de cada participante, este
estudo procurou, igualmente, conhecer o que significa para os participantes do estudo estarem
em CIT e o que representa o afastamento do país.
A maior parte dos participantes, com entrada regular em Portugal, migrou para
melhorar as condições de vida e trabalhar. No entanto, este motivo também revela-se ser, na
falta do mesmo, um dos principais fatores, entre outros, da irregularidade para uma parte dos
participantes.
Relativamente à detenção, os resultados obtidos sugerem que este mecanismo de
controlo é encarado pelos participantes como uma privação de liberdade e interiorizam-no
como um ato punitivo da sua situação administrativa. Desta forma, a irregularidade torna-se,
segundo os participantes, equiparada a um ato criminoso devido à detenção. Quanto à
expulsão, para uma parte dos participantes, representa uma rutura com o seu projeto de vida e
resume-se à ausência de perspetivas para o futuro.
In a context of globalization, the irregular immigration has raised some relevant issues to the social sciences. The current european policies on irregular immigration management have reinforced detention and expulsion as control mechanisms of those flows (Bosworth, 2012; Grant; 2011; Boswell, 2007; Gutchneire, 2007). The fear of these foreign citizens raised within the society, Wermuth (2011) legitimates these mechanisms of social control which have physical and psychological impact (Devas Project, 2009). In Portugal, the time limit on detention in a Temporary Internment Centre (TIC) is 60 days (Law 29/2012, 4 July). In 2013, 162 people passed through this centre (JRS, 2013) with a stay of approximately 26 days (26,2) (JRS, 2013). Given this finding, and from the point of view of 10 citizens detained in the TIC between April 2013 and March 2014, this qualitatives’ methodology study aimed to understand the reasons of the participants for leaving their country and to identify the reasons that explain the irregularity. Secondly, in the light of the migratory route of each participant, this study also sought to know what means for each participant the fact of being in a CIT, as well as being away from their country. In what regards the detention, the obtained results suggest that this control mechanism is understood by the participants as a deprivation of freedom and it is internalized as a punishment for the simple fact that they are administratively in an irregular situation. Moreover, as a result of detention irregularity becomes similar to a criminal act. Concerning expulsion, it represents a rupture in their life project and it comes down to the lack of future prospects.
In a context of globalization, the irregular immigration has raised some relevant issues to the social sciences. The current european policies on irregular immigration management have reinforced detention and expulsion as control mechanisms of those flows (Bosworth, 2012; Grant; 2011; Boswell, 2007; Gutchneire, 2007). The fear of these foreign citizens raised within the society, Wermuth (2011) legitimates these mechanisms of social control which have physical and psychological impact (Devas Project, 2009). In Portugal, the time limit on detention in a Temporary Internment Centre (TIC) is 60 days (Law 29/2012, 4 July). In 2013, 162 people passed through this centre (JRS, 2013) with a stay of approximately 26 days (26,2) (JRS, 2013). Given this finding, and from the point of view of 10 citizens detained in the TIC between April 2013 and March 2014, this qualitatives’ methodology study aimed to understand the reasons of the participants for leaving their country and to identify the reasons that explain the irregularity. Secondly, in the light of the migratory route of each participant, this study also sought to know what means for each participant the fact of being in a CIT, as well as being away from their country. In what regards the detention, the obtained results suggest that this control mechanism is understood by the participants as a deprivation of freedom and it is internalized as a punishment for the simple fact that they are administratively in an irregular situation. Moreover, as a result of detention irregularity becomes similar to a criminal act. Concerning expulsion, it represents a rupture in their life project and it comes down to the lack of future prospects.
Description
Keywords
Imigração irregular Detenção e expulsão Identidade Controlo social Irregular immigration Detention and expulsion Identity Social control