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Esta dissertação incide sobre a temática da fixação da residência de uma criança no caso de divórcio dos seus progenitores, tendo por base o princípio do superior interesse da criança.
No nosso país, na grande maioria dos casos de divórcio, a guarda dos menores é confiada à mãe, cabendo ao pai o chamado “direito de visita”. Ainda assim, nas últimas décadas já se tem notado uma certa evolução no sentido de o progenitor masculino ter uma presença cada vez mais ativa na vida dos filhos, sendo cada vez menos raras as situações em que os menores residem alternadamente com ambos os pais.
Face a isto, pretendemos comparar o regime da residência única ao regime da residência alternada com o objetivo de determinar qual o modelo que melhor se adequa ao superior interesse da criança, princípio basilar nesta questão. Para este trabalho concorrem diferentes estudos realizados no âmbito das ciências sociais, que alicerçam a nossa análise.
Não sendo esta uma questão consensual na doutrina, iremos focar-nos particularmente na (im)possibilidade da alternância de residências da criança face à legislação atual, bem como no balanço dos prós e contras que este regime controverso apresenta. A atualidade e a pertinência deste tema resultam da perceção das várias posições divergentes na doutrina consubstanciadas em diferentes propostas de alterações legislativas surgidas nos últimos anos.
This dissertation focuses on the topic of the children’s custody in case of the parents’ divorce, bearing in mind the principle of the child’s best interest In Portugal, in most divorces, the minor’s custody is assumed by the mother whilst the father has a right to visit his child. Yet, in the last decades, an evolution has taken place in terms of the male parent playing a more significant and active role in his children’s lives. This means that it is becoming more common to a child to spend equal time in each parent’s home after their separation. Therefore, we will compare the regimes of single custody and joint physical custody with the objective of determining the most adequate model regarding the principle of the child’s best interest. Perceived as a polemic and non-consensual issue, we will address mainly the question of the possibility (or not) of the joint physical custody of the child in terms of the current Portuguese law as well as analyze the pros and cons caused by this controversial regime. Nowadays the relevance of this theme is affected by the perception of the opposite positions about the subject embodied in several legislative proposals in the last few years.
This dissertation focuses on the topic of the children’s custody in case of the parents’ divorce, bearing in mind the principle of the child’s best interest In Portugal, in most divorces, the minor’s custody is assumed by the mother whilst the father has a right to visit his child. Yet, in the last decades, an evolution has taken place in terms of the male parent playing a more significant and active role in his children’s lives. This means that it is becoming more common to a child to spend equal time in each parent’s home after their separation. Therefore, we will compare the regimes of single custody and joint physical custody with the objective of determining the most adequate model regarding the principle of the child’s best interest. Perceived as a polemic and non-consensual issue, we will address mainly the question of the possibility (or not) of the joint physical custody of the child in terms of the current Portuguese law as well as analyze the pros and cons caused by this controversial regime. Nowadays the relevance of this theme is affected by the perception of the opposite positions about the subject embodied in several legislative proposals in the last few years.
Description
Keywords
Divórcio Superior interesse da criança Responsabilidades parentais Residência alternada Divorce Child’s best interest Parental responsibility Joint physical custody