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O impacto da síndrome vestibular periférica no funcionamento cognitivo
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Nas últimas décadas têm surgido cada vez mais investigações compreensivas da relação entre o sistema vestibular e o funcionamento cognitivo. Contudo, a maioria dos estudos emprega o foco nas capacidades visuoespaciais e atencionais marginalizando outras dimensões da cognição humana. Dada a existência de lacunas e a escassez de estudos neuropsicológicos portugueses na temática, proponho-me a focar o presente projeto no impacto da síndrome vestibular periférica (SVP) no funcionamento cognitivo em uma amostra da população portuguesa. Este estudo conta com uma amostra objetiva que inclui 32 participantes inseridos numa faixa etária entre os 21 e os 60 anos de idade divididos entre dois grupos (clínico e controlo). Foi aplicado um protocolo neuropsicológico constituido por um questionário clínico sociodemográfico e seis provas cognitivas, nomeadamente, o teste D2 para avaliação da atenção, o TMT para o funcionamento executivo e os subtestes Cubos, Memória de dígitos, Código e Pesquisa de símbolos da WAIS-III, para a praxia construtiva bidimensional, memória de trabalho e velocidade de processamento, respetivamente. Todos os dados foram inseridos no software SPSS para análise, tendo sido aplicado um teste t-Student para amostras independentes. Foram verificadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre o grupo clínico e o grupo de controlo nos testes D2 (t(30)=-1,719; p=0,048), Cubos (t(30)=-1,863; p=0,036) e Código (t(30)=-2,316; p=0,014). Contudo não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos nos resultados dos testes TMT (t(30)=-0,677; p=0,252), Memória de dígitos (t(30)=-0,364; p=0,359) e Pesquisa de símbolos (t(30)=-0,796; p=0,216). Foram documentadas alterações significativas na atenção, praxia construtiva bidimensional e na velocidade de processamento mais dependente de capacidades psicomotoras, práxicas e da memória de trabalho em sujeitos com SVP. Apesar das limitações encontradas, este estudo contribui para a compreensão das perturbações vestibulares e da cognição e destaca a necessidade de investigações futuras para que estas interações sejam mais profundamente estudadas.
In recent decades, more comprehensive research into the relationship between the vestibular system and cognitive functioning has emerged. However, most studies focus on visuospatial and attentional abilities, marginalizing other dimensions of human cognition. Given the existence of gaps and the scarcity of Portuguese neuropsychological studies on the subject, I propose to focus this project on the impact of peripheral vestibular syndrome (PVS) on cognitive functioning in a sample of the portuguese population. This study has an objective sample comprising 32 participants aged between 21 and 60, divided into two groups (clinical and control). A neuropsychological protocol was applied consisting of a sociodemographic clinical questionnaire and six cognitive tests, namely the D2 test for assessing attention, the TMT for executive functioning and the Cube, Digit Memory, Code and Symbol Search subtests of the WAIS-III, for twodimensional constructive praxis, working memory and processing speed, respectively. All the data was entered into SPSS software for analysis, and a t-Student's test was applied for independent samples. Statistically significant differences were found between the clinical group and the control group in the D2 (t(30)=-1.719; p=0.048), Block design (t(30)=-1.863; p=0.036) and Digit symbol coding (t(30)=-2.316; p=0.014) tests. However, there were no significant differences between the groups in the results of the TMT (t(30)=-0.677; p=0.252), Digit span (t(30)=-0.364; p=0.359) and Symbol Search (t(30)=-0.796; p=0.216) tests. Thus, significant alterations were documented in attention, two-dimensional constructive praxis and processing speed when more dependent on psychomotor, praxical and working memory skills in subjects with PVS. Despite the limitations found, this study contributes to the understanding of vestibular disorders and cognition and highlights the need for future research to study these interactions in greater depth.
In recent decades, more comprehensive research into the relationship between the vestibular system and cognitive functioning has emerged. However, most studies focus on visuospatial and attentional abilities, marginalizing other dimensions of human cognition. Given the existence of gaps and the scarcity of Portuguese neuropsychological studies on the subject, I propose to focus this project on the impact of peripheral vestibular syndrome (PVS) on cognitive functioning in a sample of the portuguese population. This study has an objective sample comprising 32 participants aged between 21 and 60, divided into two groups (clinical and control). A neuropsychological protocol was applied consisting of a sociodemographic clinical questionnaire and six cognitive tests, namely the D2 test for assessing attention, the TMT for executive functioning and the Cube, Digit Memory, Code and Symbol Search subtests of the WAIS-III, for twodimensional constructive praxis, working memory and processing speed, respectively. All the data was entered into SPSS software for analysis, and a t-Student's test was applied for independent samples. Statistically significant differences were found between the clinical group and the control group in the D2 (t(30)=-1.719; p=0.048), Block design (t(30)=-1.863; p=0.036) and Digit symbol coding (t(30)=-2.316; p=0.014) tests. However, there were no significant differences between the groups in the results of the TMT (t(30)=-0.677; p=0.252), Digit span (t(30)=-0.364; p=0.359) and Symbol Search (t(30)=-0.796; p=0.216) tests. Thus, significant alterations were documented in attention, two-dimensional constructive praxis and processing speed when more dependent on psychomotor, praxical and working memory skills in subjects with PVS. Despite the limitations found, this study contributes to the understanding of vestibular disorders and cognition and highlights the need for future research to study these interactions in greater depth.
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Palavras-chave
Síndrome vestibular periférica Funcionamento cognitivo VPPB Doença de Menière Neurite vestibular Peripheral vestibular syndrome Cognitive functioning BPPV Menière's disease Vestibular neuritis