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Abstract(s)
Com este estudo, pretendemos abordar a necessidade e os benefícios da inclusão de cláusulas de hardship no contexto dos contratos comerciais internacionais como forma de adaptação dos mesmos a alterações profundas da base do negócio. Analisámos o regime da alteração de anormal de circunstâncias no ordenamento jurídico português e inglês, assim como as suas limitações e dificuldades de aplicação. Posteriormente focamo-nos na cláusula de hardship, aprofundando a sua redação e efeitos através da utilização dos instrumentos internacionais que se encontram ao nosso dispor. Suscitamos o enquadramento de situações atuais (como a pandemia trazida pelo COVID- 19 e o conflito armado na Ucrânia) enquanto situações de hardship passíveis de acionar tal cláusula. Por último, sumariamos os benefícios, a importância da inclusão e pormenorizada redação destas cláusulas como válvula que auxilia a conservação do negócio jurídico nos contratos internacionais de execução continuada.
With this study, we intend to address the need and benefits of including hardship clauses in the context of international commercial contracts as a way of adapting them to profound changes in the basis of the business. We analyzed the regime of abnormal changes of circumstances in the Portuguese and English legal system, as well as its limitations and difficulties in application. Subsequently, we focus on the hardship clause, deepening its wording and using the international instruments that are at our disposal. We suggest the framing of current situations (such as the pandemic brought about by COVID-19 and the armed conflict in Ukraine) as a hardship that could trigger such a clause. Finally, we summarize the benefits, the importance of inclusion and the detail of the writing of those clauses as a valve that helps with the conservation of the legal business in international contracts of continued execution.
With this study, we intend to address the need and benefits of including hardship clauses in the context of international commercial contracts as a way of adapting them to profound changes in the basis of the business. We analyzed the regime of abnormal changes of circumstances in the Portuguese and English legal system, as well as its limitations and difficulties in application. Subsequently, we focus on the hardship clause, deepening its wording and using the international instruments that are at our disposal. We suggest the framing of current situations (such as the pandemic brought about by COVID-19 and the armed conflict in Ukraine) as a hardship that could trigger such a clause. Finally, we summarize the benefits, the importance of inclusion and the detail of the writing of those clauses as a valve that helps with the conservation of the legal business in international contracts of continued execution.
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Keywords
Contrato internacional Hardship Alteração contratual Renegociação contratual Desequilíbrio contratual International contract Contract modification Contractual renegotiation Contractual imbalance