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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A reportagem de investigação é um género jornalístico que surge no âmbito do
jornalismo de investigação, e expõe realidades escondidas ao apresentar de forma rigorosa
o cruzamento de informações obtidas através de fontes humanas, documentais/oficiais e de
marcas de presença no terreno, recorrendo ao uso de técnicas linguísticas da reportagem.
Sendo uma ferramenta essencial para a manutenção dos sistemas democráticos,
investigações mostram que o espaço mediático disponível para as reportagens está
comprometido devido à aceleração da precariedade da profissão de jornalista e a
constrangimentos económicos que se revelam na inexistência de um modelo de negócio que
se comprove sustentável para os meios de comunicação social, um problema muitas vezes
associado à migração para o ambiente digital. Este estudo pretende esclarecer a importância
da existência da reportagem de investigação no contexto jornalístico, se há uma crise deste
género e quais os seus fatores e refletir sobre estratégias para a sua continuidade no meio
online. Desta forma, formulou-se como pergunta de partida quais as formas de combate aos
constrangimentos económicos na prática jornalística para a realização de reportagens de
investigação escritas online.
Com base na revisão de literatura, aplicou-se uma metodologia qualitativa que
compreendeu a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas a jornalistas portugueses e uma
análise de conteúdo a dois meios de comunicação mainstream e a dois projetos de jornalismo
alternativo em Portugal. A análise dos resultados revelou que os constrangimentos
económicos associados à realização deste género jornalístico podem ser atenuados através
de três campos de ação: a consciencialização acerca do contexto sociocultural onde assenta
o jornalismo português, a aposta em modelos de negócio alternativos ao poder de empresas
privadas ou o apoio do Estado e a maximização das potencialidades da Internet para
apresentar, difundir e promover a reportagem de investigação online. Tendo isto em
consideração, recomenda-se que os órgãos de comunicação social se dissociem dos vícios
culturais do país, sejam capazes de refletir sobre uma autocritica e apostem em fórmulas
inovadoras quer de financiamento, quer de adaptação dos conteúdos às potencialidades do
digital.
Investigative reporting is a journalistic genre that emerges from the field of investigative journalism and exposes hidden realities by accurately presenting the crossreferencing of information obtained from human, documentary/official sources and marks of presence in the field of action, making use of reporting linguistic techniques. Being an essential tool for maintaining democratic systems, research shows that the mediatic space available for reporting is compromised due to the accelerated precariousness of the journalist profession and the economic constraints which are revealed by the absence of a sustainable business model for the media, a problem often associated with the migration to the digital environment. This study aims to clarify the importance of investigative reporting in the journalistic context, if there is such a crisis and what are its factors and to reflect on strategies for its continuity in the online environment. Thus, it was formulated as a starting question what are the ways to combat the economic constraints in journalistic practice for conducting investigative reporting written online. Based on the literature review, a qualitative methodology was applied, which included semi-structured interviews with Portuguese journalists and a content analysis of two mainstream media and two alternative journalism projects in Portugal. The analysis of the results revealed that the economic constraints associated with the realization of this journalistic genre can be mitigated through three fields of action: raising awareness about the sociocultural context on which Portuguese journalism is based, betting on business models alternative to the power of private companies or of the state and maximizing the potential of the Internet to present, disseminate and promote online research reporting. With this in mind, it is recommended that the media dissociate themselves from the cultural vices of the country, be able to reflect on self-criticism and bet on innovative formulas both for financing and for adapting content to digital potential
Investigative reporting is a journalistic genre that emerges from the field of investigative journalism and exposes hidden realities by accurately presenting the crossreferencing of information obtained from human, documentary/official sources and marks of presence in the field of action, making use of reporting linguistic techniques. Being an essential tool for maintaining democratic systems, research shows that the mediatic space available for reporting is compromised due to the accelerated precariousness of the journalist profession and the economic constraints which are revealed by the absence of a sustainable business model for the media, a problem often associated with the migration to the digital environment. This study aims to clarify the importance of investigative reporting in the journalistic context, if there is such a crisis and what are its factors and to reflect on strategies for its continuity in the online environment. Thus, it was formulated as a starting question what are the ways to combat the economic constraints in journalistic practice for conducting investigative reporting written online. Based on the literature review, a qualitative methodology was applied, which included semi-structured interviews with Portuguese journalists and a content analysis of two mainstream media and two alternative journalism projects in Portugal. The analysis of the results revealed that the economic constraints associated with the realization of this journalistic genre can be mitigated through three fields of action: raising awareness about the sociocultural context on which Portuguese journalism is based, betting on business models alternative to the power of private companies or of the state and maximizing the potential of the Internet to present, disseminate and promote online research reporting. With this in mind, it is recommended that the media dissociate themselves from the cultural vices of the country, be able to reflect on self-criticism and bet on innovative formulas both for financing and for adapting content to digital potential
Description
Keywords
Reportagem de investigação Ciberjornalismo Constrangimentos Jornalismo mainstream Jornalismo alternativo Investigative reporting Cyberjournalism Constraints Mainstream journalism Alternative journalism