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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A violência contra as pessoas idosas (VCPI) é um problema social e de saúde pública, relacionado com as condutas e os valores sociais, que causa elevada morbilidade e mortalidade. Tem sérias repercussões nos sistemas de saúde e na saúde física e mental das pessoas idosas, especialmente das mais vulneráveis. Dado o envelhecimento acentuado da população, prevê-se o agravamento desta situação na sociedade. Para a enfrentar e reduzir exige-se uma abordagem multissectorial e multidisciplinar. Neste contexto, os enfermeiros afetos aos Cuidados de Saúde Primários, estão bem posicionados para trabalhar com as famílias e comunidades, sendo determinantes para garantir a saúde e o bem-estar das pessoas idosas. Objetivos: determinar a prevalência da violência no último ano e ao longo da vida, em pessoas idosas a viver na comunidade (domicílio); caracterizar a cronicidade e severidade dos atos, tipo de agressores, reações e sentimentos das vítimas; caracterizar a ocorrência da violência segundo as características sociodemográficas, utilização dos serviços de saúde, estilos de vida, saúde física e mental, qualidade de vida (QV) e suporte social; identificar fatores determinantes associados à violência. Métodos: Estudo descritivo-correlacional e secção transversal, com amostra do tipo acidental. A população alvo foi composta por pessoas com 60 e mais anos, a viver na comunidade (domicílio), residentes no município de Coimbra. A recolha de dados foi efetuada com recurso ao questionário ABUEL (Elder Abuse: a Multinational Prevalence Survey). Resultados: A amostra incluiu 427 participantes, com média de idades de 72,2 anos (mínimo de 60 e máximo 95 anos) e do sexo feminino (60,2%). Coabitavam com o cônjuge/companheiro(a) (49,9%). A principal fonte de rendimentos era a reforma por idade (35,4%). A prevalência da violência, no último ano, foi de 39,4% para a violência global. Ao longo da vida, constatou-se um aumento em todos os tipos de violência e na violência global (41,7%). A violência psicológica e financeira, foram as mais reportadas. A reação” emocional” foi a mais frequente. Em todos os tipos de violência, os elementos da família foram os principais agressores. Como fatores protetores da violência psicológica surgem a idade, a coabitação, suporte social (apoio da família) e QV na intimidade e como fator de risco a saúde mental (ansiedade). Ter mais idade, viver sozinho, ter maior suporte social/maior apoio familiar e maior QV na intimidade diminui a possibilidade de ser vítima. Já os indivíduos mais ansiosos apresentam maior probabilidade de vitimização. O sexo, o estado civil, a coabitação e a saúde mental (ansiedade) revelaram-se fatores de risco para a violência financeira. Apresentavam uma possibilidade superior de sofrer este tipo de violência: os indivíduos do sexo masculino; os que não viviam uma relação de casado/união de facto (solteiros, divorciados/separados e viúvos); os que viviam em coabitação com o conjugue companheiro(a) e “outros”; os mais ansiosos. Conclusões: Este estudo, permitiu caracterizar a violência, os agressores e identificar os fatores protetores e os de risco da violência psicológica e financeira, subsidiando o raciocínio critico dos enfermeiros na intervenção com a pessoa idosa, família e comunidade, na prevenção da violência e na promoção da QV das pessoas idosas. Aquando da avaliação das pessoas idosas, das suas famílias e da comunidade envolvente, cabe ao enfermeiro, através da colheita de dados e de todas as interações com a pessoa/família, valorizar os fatores preditores de violência, de modo a prevenir, detetar e intervir nesta área.
Introduction: Violence against older people is a social and public health issue related to social behaviors and values, which causes high morbidity and mortality. It has severe repercussions on health systems and older people’s physical and mental health, especially those most vulnerable. Given the marked aging of the population, this situation is expected to worsen in society. A multisectoral and multidisciplinary approach is required to address and reduce it. Primary health care nurses are well placed to work with families and communities and are key to ensuring older people’s health and well-being. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of violence in community-dwelling older people (at home) in the past year and in their lifetime; to characterize the chronicity and severity of the actions, type of aggressors, reactions and feelings of the victims; to characterize the occurrence of violence according to socio-demographic characteristics, use of health services, lifestyles, physical and mental health, quality of life (QoL), and social support; to identify determinants associated with violence. Methods: Descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study, with an accidental sampling technique. The target population consisted of community-dwelling people aged 60 and over residing in the municipality of Coimbra. Data were collected using the ABUEL (Elder Abuse: A Multinational Prevalence Survey) questionnaire. Results: The sample included 427 participants, with a mean age of 72.2 years (minimum of 60 and maximum of 95 years), of whom 60.2% were women and 49.9% lived with their spouse/partner. The main source of income was the retirement pension (35.4%). The prevalence of violence in the last year was 39.4% for overall violence. There was an increase in all types of lifetime violence and overall violence (41.7%). Psychological and financial violence were the most reported types of violence. “Emotional” reaction was the most frequent reaction. In all types of violence, family members were the main aggressors. Protective factors for psychological violence included age, cohabitation, social support (family support), and QoL in intimacy. Mental health (anxiety) emerged as a risk factor. Being older, living alone, having more social support/higher family support, and having higher QoL in intimacy reduce the likelihood of being a victim. More anxious individuals are more likely to be victimized. Gender, marital status, cohabitation, and mental health (anxiety) emerged as risk factors for financial violence. The following individuals were more likely to suffer this type of violence: men; those who were not married/cohabiting (single, divorced/separated, and widowed); those who were cohabiting with their partner and “others”; and the most anxious individuals. Conclusions: This study allowed characterizing violence and the aggressors and identifying the protective and risk factors for psychological and financial violence. Therefore, it informs nurses’ critical thinking in their intervention with older people, families, and the community in preventing violence and promoting older people’s QoL. When assessing older people, their families, and the surrounding community, it is the nurse's responsibility, through data collection and interactions with the patient/family, to assess the predictors of violence to prevent, detect, and intervene in this area.
Introduction: Violence against older people is a social and public health issue related to social behaviors and values, which causes high morbidity and mortality. It has severe repercussions on health systems and older people’s physical and mental health, especially those most vulnerable. Given the marked aging of the population, this situation is expected to worsen in society. A multisectoral and multidisciplinary approach is required to address and reduce it. Primary health care nurses are well placed to work with families and communities and are key to ensuring older people’s health and well-being. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of violence in community-dwelling older people (at home) in the past year and in their lifetime; to characterize the chronicity and severity of the actions, type of aggressors, reactions and feelings of the victims; to characterize the occurrence of violence according to socio-demographic characteristics, use of health services, lifestyles, physical and mental health, quality of life (QoL), and social support; to identify determinants associated with violence. Methods: Descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study, with an accidental sampling technique. The target population consisted of community-dwelling people aged 60 and over residing in the municipality of Coimbra. Data were collected using the ABUEL (Elder Abuse: A Multinational Prevalence Survey) questionnaire. Results: The sample included 427 participants, with a mean age of 72.2 years (minimum of 60 and maximum of 95 years), of whom 60.2% were women and 49.9% lived with their spouse/partner. The main source of income was the retirement pension (35.4%). The prevalence of violence in the last year was 39.4% for overall violence. There was an increase in all types of lifetime violence and overall violence (41.7%). Psychological and financial violence were the most reported types of violence. “Emotional” reaction was the most frequent reaction. In all types of violence, family members were the main aggressors. Protective factors for psychological violence included age, cohabitation, social support (family support), and QoL in intimacy. Mental health (anxiety) emerged as a risk factor. Being older, living alone, having more social support/higher family support, and having higher QoL in intimacy reduce the likelihood of being a victim. More anxious individuals are more likely to be victimized. Gender, marital status, cohabitation, and mental health (anxiety) emerged as risk factors for financial violence. The following individuals were more likely to suffer this type of violence: men; those who were not married/cohabiting (single, divorced/separated, and widowed); those who were cohabiting with their partner and “others”; and the most anxious individuals. Conclusions: This study allowed characterizing violence and the aggressors and identifying the protective and risk factors for psychological and financial violence. Therefore, it informs nurses’ critical thinking in their intervention with older people, families, and the community in preventing violence and promoting older people’s QoL. When assessing older people, their families, and the surrounding community, it is the nurse's responsibility, through data collection and interactions with the patient/family, to assess the predictors of violence to prevent, detect, and intervene in this area.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem Pessoas idosas Violência Fatores de risco Comunidade Nursing Older people Violence Risk factors Community