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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As doenças crónicas não transmissíveis são, na atualidade, a principal causa de morbilidade e mortalidade nas sociedades desenvolvidas, sendo responsáveis por processos de incapacidade e défice de qualidade de vida, que implicam um aumento significativo do consumo de recursos de saúde. Na sua etiologia estão um conjunto de fatores comportamentais, essencialmente relacionados com os estilos de vida. No meio laboral, a adoção de estilos de vida prejudiciais pode comprometer a saúde do trabalhador, podendo originar acidentes, lesões fatais, doenças e absentismo, constituindo fatores de sobrecarga económica para a entidade patronal. Nesse sentido, infere-se a importância da promoção da saúde, no âmbito dos estilos de vida saudáveis, em ambiente laboral, esperando que este trabalho possa contribuir para a sua implementação e sistematização alargada a nível nacional. Tendo como ponto de partida estas premissas, desenvolveu-se no âmbito do Curso de Mestrado em Enfermagem Comunitária da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, um projeto de intervenção comunitária com a finalidade de diagnosticar problemas e promover respostas comportamentais associadas a estilos de vida saudáveis, numa comunidade de 526 trabalhadores, de uma unidade fabril do norte de Portugal. Utilizando a metodologia do planeamento em saúde, realizou-se um diagnóstico de situação utilizando uma amostra constituída por 323 indivíduos. Tendo em consideração o apertado friso cronológico para a intervenção, optou-se por recolher dados através de um formulário construído por forma a articular diretamente com os trabalhadores quais as melhores estratégias para a transição saudável. Assim, foram operacionalizadas consultas de vigilância e acompanhamento, sustentadas por algoritmos clínicos, por forma a consciencializar, responsabilizar e promover a mudança nos trabalhadores, usando como principais estratégias a educação para a saúde e a negociação comportamental. No entanto, a curta duração dos estágios não permitiu realizar o adequado folow-up que a mudança comportamental requer, ficando para a equipa de enfermagem do trabalho a incumbência de acompanhar e monitorizar a curto/ médio prazo a efetividade das intervenções.
Por último, a fim de enriquecer a aquisição de competências, realizou-se o terceiro módulo de estágio no contexto de um Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde (ACES), onde foi possível experienciar toda a dinâmica e articulação entre as diferentes unidades funcionais dos Cuidados de Saúde Primários do Sistema Nacional de Saúde (SNS), bem como desenvolver o raciocínio clínico e a tomada de decisão especializada, aquando da participação nos diferentes projetos de intervenção da Unidade de Cuidados à Comunidade (UCC).
Non-communicable chronic diseases are currently the main cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries, being responsible for disabilities and impaired quality of life, implying a significant increase in the consumption of health resources. In its ethology are a set of behavioural factors, essentially related to lifestyles. The adoption of unhealthy lifestyles in the work environment can compromise worker’s health, increasing the probability of accidents, fatal injuries, illnesses and absenteeism – all of which are factors of economic burden for the employer. In this sense, it is inferred the importance of health promotion in the context of healthy lifestyles in the work environment, hoping that our explanation can contribute to its implementation and systematization extended to a national level. Based on these assumptions, a community intervention project was developed within the scope of the Master's Degree in Community Nursing at the Universidade Católica Portuguesa, with the objective of diagnosing problems and to promote behavioural responses associated with healthy lifestyles in a community of 526 workers from a manufacturing plant in northern Portugal. Using the methodology of health planning, a situation diagnosis was performed using a sample of 323 individuals. Taking into account the tight schedule for the intervention, we chose to collect data through a form, built in order to articulate directly with the workers what are the best strategies for the healthy transition. So, clinical algorithms were developed in order to raise awareness, responsibility and promote change in workers, using as main strategies health education and behavioural negotiation. However, the short duration of the internships did not allow for the adequate follow-up that the behavioural change requires, leaving the nursing team to monitor the effectiveness of the interventions in the short / medium term. Finally, for a superior acquisition of competences, the third internship module was carried out in the context of a Health Centres Grouping (ACES), where it was possible to experience all the dynamics and articulation between the different functional units of the Primary Health Care of the National Health System (SNS), as well as to develop clinical reasoning and specialized decision making, when participating in the different intervention projects of the Community Care Unit (UCC).
Non-communicable chronic diseases are currently the main cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries, being responsible for disabilities and impaired quality of life, implying a significant increase in the consumption of health resources. In its ethology are a set of behavioural factors, essentially related to lifestyles. The adoption of unhealthy lifestyles in the work environment can compromise worker’s health, increasing the probability of accidents, fatal injuries, illnesses and absenteeism – all of which are factors of economic burden for the employer. In this sense, it is inferred the importance of health promotion in the context of healthy lifestyles in the work environment, hoping that our explanation can contribute to its implementation and systematization extended to a national level. Based on these assumptions, a community intervention project was developed within the scope of the Master's Degree in Community Nursing at the Universidade Católica Portuguesa, with the objective of diagnosing problems and to promote behavioural responses associated with healthy lifestyles in a community of 526 workers from a manufacturing plant in northern Portugal. Using the methodology of health planning, a situation diagnosis was performed using a sample of 323 individuals. Taking into account the tight schedule for the intervention, we chose to collect data through a form, built in order to articulate directly with the workers what are the best strategies for the healthy transition. So, clinical algorithms were developed in order to raise awareness, responsibility and promote change in workers, using as main strategies health education and behavioural negotiation. However, the short duration of the internships did not allow for the adequate follow-up that the behavioural change requires, leaving the nursing team to monitor the effectiveness of the interventions in the short / medium term. Finally, for a superior acquisition of competences, the third internship module was carried out in the context of a Health Centres Grouping (ACES), where it was possible to experience all the dynamics and articulation between the different functional units of the Primary Health Care of the National Health System (SNS), as well as to develop clinical reasoning and specialized decision making, when participating in the different intervention projects of the Community Care Unit (UCC).
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem do trabalho Estilo de vida saudável Promoção da saúde Saúde ocupacional Health promotion Healthy lifestyle Occupational health nursing Occupational health