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Este estudo analisa a intervenção do tribunal estadual na obtenção de prova no processo arbitral. A arbitragem é amplamente valorizada pela sua autonomia, flexibilidade e capacidade de proporcionar uma resolução eficaz e especializada de litígios fora do sistema judicial tradicional. No entanto, a sua eficácia pode ser comprometida pela limitação intrínseca dos tribunais arbitrais em exercer poder coercivo para a obtenção de provas, especialmente de terceiros que se recusem voluntariamente a cooperar. O artigo 38.º da LAV contempla a possibilidade de intervenção dos tribunais estatais para suprir esta lacuna, permitindo que as partes solicitem auxílio na obtenção de provas essenciais para o julgamento do litígio. Este mecanismo procura equilibrar a autonomia da arbitragem com a efetividade processual, assegurando a equidade e a justiça nas decisões arbitrais. A investigação realizada oferece uma análise detalhada da aplicabilidade e eficácia da intervenção judicial no processo arbitral em Portugal, explorando tanto a perspetiva legal quanto doutrinária. Além disso, identifica os desafios e limitações existentes, elaborando uma proposta de alteração legislativa com o objetivo de aprimorar a interação entre a arbitragem e o poder judicial, promovendo uma resolução de litígios mais eficiente e equitativa. A presente dissertação argumenta que, apesar dos desafios, a cooperação entre as instâncias arbitral e estadual é fundamental para a consolidação da arbitragem como um meio eficaz de resolução de litígios. Propõe-se, portanto, uma revisão legislativa que simplifique os procedimentos de solicitação de auxílio judicial, através da previsão da possibilidade de o tribunal arbitral poder oficiosamente requerer a intervenção do tribunal estadual, a prova ser produzida perante si (ou, pelo menos, na sua presença) e a suspensão do processo arbitral.
This study analyses the intervention of the state court in obtaining evidence in the arbitration process. Arbitration is highly valued for its autonomy, flexibility, and capability to provide an effective and specialised resolution of disputes outside the traditional judicial system. However, its efficacy can be compromised by the intrinsic limitation of arbitral tribunals to exert coercive power for the acquisition of evidence, especially from third parties who voluntarily refuse to cooperate. The Article 38.º of VAL contemplates the possibility of state court intervention to address this gap, allowing the parties to request assistance in obtaining evidence essential for the adjudication of the dispute. This mechanism seeks to balance the autonomy of arbitration with procedural effectiveness, ensuring fairness and justice in arbitral decisions. The research conducted provides a detailed analysis of the applicability and effectiveness of judicial intervention in the arbitration process in Portugal, exploring the legal and doctrinal perspectives. Moreover, identify the existing challenges and limitations, elaborating a legislative proposal aimed at improving the interaction between arbitration and the judiciary, promoting a more efficient and equitable dispute resolution. The present dissertation argues that, despite the challenges, cooperation between the arbitral and state instances is fundamental for consolidating arbitration as an effective means of dispute resolution. Therefore, it proposes a legislative review that simplifies the procedures for requesting judicial assistance, by providing for the possibility that the arbitration court may ex officio request the intervention of the state court, the evidence being produced before it (or, at least, in the presence) and the suspension of the arbitration process.
This study analyses the intervention of the state court in obtaining evidence in the arbitration process. Arbitration is highly valued for its autonomy, flexibility, and capability to provide an effective and specialised resolution of disputes outside the traditional judicial system. However, its efficacy can be compromised by the intrinsic limitation of arbitral tribunals to exert coercive power for the acquisition of evidence, especially from third parties who voluntarily refuse to cooperate. The Article 38.º of VAL contemplates the possibility of state court intervention to address this gap, allowing the parties to request assistance in obtaining evidence essential for the adjudication of the dispute. This mechanism seeks to balance the autonomy of arbitration with procedural effectiveness, ensuring fairness and justice in arbitral decisions. The research conducted provides a detailed analysis of the applicability and effectiveness of judicial intervention in the arbitration process in Portugal, exploring the legal and doctrinal perspectives. Moreover, identify the existing challenges and limitations, elaborating a legislative proposal aimed at improving the interaction between arbitration and the judiciary, promoting a more efficient and equitable dispute resolution. The present dissertation argues that, despite the challenges, cooperation between the arbitral and state instances is fundamental for consolidating arbitration as an effective means of dispute resolution. Therefore, it proposes a legislative review that simplifies the procedures for requesting judicial assistance, by providing for the possibility that the arbitration court may ex officio request the intervention of the state court, the evidence being produced before it (or, at least, in the presence) and the suspension of the arbitration process.
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Keywords
Intenção do tribunal estadual Obtenção de prova Processo arbitral Poder coercivo Artigo 38.º da LAV Propostas de alteração legislativa State court intervention Evidence gathering Arbitration process Coercive power Article 38.º of VAL Legislative proposal