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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Cada pessoa, tendo como base o princípio da autonomia e o
respeito pela sua dignidade, é livre para decidir sobre os cuidados que deseja ou não
receber. Quando o doente não consegue manifestar a sua preferência ou tomar
decisões, pode recorrer a instruções dadas anteriormente, designadas por Diretivas
Antecipadas de Vontade. Estas instruções facilitam a deliberação e permitem
exercer o direito à autonomia, liberdade dentro dos limites previstos na Lei e o
respeito pelos seus valores e preferências, quando não tiver capacidade de decidir.
Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento e identificar as atitudes dos profissionais de
saúde sobre as Diretivas Antecipadas de Vontade.
Material e Métodos: Estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal com uma
abordagem quantitativa, através de um questionário a 503 participantes.
Processamento de dados com recurso à estatística descritiva.
Resultados: A maioria da nossa amostra é do sexo feminino, enfermeiros e
com licenciatura como formação académica. Metade têm formação em Cuidados
Paliativos e Bioética. Na generalidade os participantes possuem um conhecimento
adequado sobre aspetos legais, definição, documentos necessários e aplicação das
Diretivas Antecipadas de Vontade. Têm atitudes positivas no momento da aplicação
prática e diante de cenários complexos da execução destas instruções.
Conclusões: Em virtude dos resultados obtidos, chegou-se à conclusão de
que, não obstante existir um conhecimento generalizado sobre as Diretivas
Antecipadas de Vontade, verificou-se reduzido conhecimento sobre: alguns pontos
da Lei nº 25/2012 de 16 de julho; a expressão “limitação do esforço terapêutico”; o
local onde são inscritas as Diretivas Antecipadas de Vontade e quem pode aceder a
essas. Constatou-se haver insegurança na divulgação de informação sobre a
situação clínica do doente e as Diretivas Antecipadas de Vontade pelos profissionais
de saúde. Os resultados relevam adicionalmente a necessidade de se investir no
conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde, podendo-se para tal recorrer a formação.
Introduction: Each person, based on the principle of autonomy and respect for their dignity, is free to decide on the care they want or not to receive. When the patient cannot express his or her preference or make decisions, he or she may resort to instructions given previously called Advance Directives. These instructions facilitate deliberation and allow the exercise of the right to autonomy, freedom within limits provided for by law, and respect for values and preferences when he or she is unable to decide. Objective: To analyze the knowledge and identify the attitudes of healthcare professionals regarding the Advance Directives. Material and Methods: Descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach through a questionnaire to 503 participants. Data processing using descriptive statistics. Results: Most of our sample are female, registered nurses, and graduates. Half had training in Palliative Care and Bioethics. In general, participants have adequate knowledge of the definition, legal aspects documents required, and application of the Advance Directives. They have positive attitudes at practical application and against complex scenarios of the execution of these instructions. Conclusions: Although there is widespread knowledge about the Advance Directives, there is little knowledge about Law No. 25/2012 of July 16, the term “therapeutic effort limitation” and the place where are registered the Advance Directives and who can access them. There was uncertainty in the disclosure of information about the clinical situation of the patient and the Advance Directives by healthcare professionals. The results further highlight the need to invest in healthcare professionals' knowledge, for example through training.
Introduction: Each person, based on the principle of autonomy and respect for their dignity, is free to decide on the care they want or not to receive. When the patient cannot express his or her preference or make decisions, he or she may resort to instructions given previously called Advance Directives. These instructions facilitate deliberation and allow the exercise of the right to autonomy, freedom within limits provided for by law, and respect for values and preferences when he or she is unable to decide. Objective: To analyze the knowledge and identify the attitudes of healthcare professionals regarding the Advance Directives. Material and Methods: Descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach through a questionnaire to 503 participants. Data processing using descriptive statistics. Results: Most of our sample are female, registered nurses, and graduates. Half had training in Palliative Care and Bioethics. In general, participants have adequate knowledge of the definition, legal aspects documents required, and application of the Advance Directives. They have positive attitudes at practical application and against complex scenarios of the execution of these instructions. Conclusions: Although there is widespread knowledge about the Advance Directives, there is little knowledge about Law No. 25/2012 of July 16, the term “therapeutic effort limitation” and the place where are registered the Advance Directives and who can access them. There was uncertainty in the disclosure of information about the clinical situation of the patient and the Advance Directives by healthcare professionals. The results further highlight the need to invest in healthcare professionals' knowledge, for example through training.
Description
Keywords
Diretivas antecipadas de vontade Testamento vital Procurador cuidados de saúde Profissionais de saúde Advance directives Vital testament Health care prosecutor Healthcare professionals