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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este estudo teve como principal objetivo a avaliação dos comportamentos de
adesão ao rastreio e diagnóstico do cancro da mama no sexo feminino. Para tal,
recorreu-se a uma amostra de 120 mulheres, utentes da Clínica Mais Saúde de Joane
Unipessoal Lda., nas quais foram aplicados diversos instrumentos, nomeadamente um
questionário sociodemográfico, um questionário de adesão aos meios de rastreio do
cancro da mama, a escala HADS, a escala EVA e as escalas de Crenças de Saúde (CS) e
de Locus de Controlo de Saúde (LCS).
Atualmente, em Portugal, o cancro da mama é a doença oncológica com maior
incidência, prevalência e mortalidade no sexo feminino. O cerne deste problema parece
estar relacionado com a baixa adesão a comportamentos de rastreio, influenciados
sobretudo pelo nível de conhecimento acerca dos potenciais benefícios da sua
prevenção, pelas crenças de saúde, pelo locus de controlo de saúde e ainda, pela dor
física e ansiedade existente aquando a realização do exame.
Como principais resultados deste estudo científico, verificamos uma associação
estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis de habilitações literárias, benefícios
percebidos, barreiras percebidas e HADS na motivação para a realização do exame, nas
variáveis socioeconómicas e gravidade percebida com a frequência de rastreio
subsequente, e ainda podemos verificar uma correlação entre a dor aquando a realização
do exame mamográfico associados a fatores como a idade e a ansiedade/depressão
sentida antes da realização da mamografia.
Como conclusão, os dados obtidos contribuem para uma melhor compreensão de
todos os comportamentos de adesão e realização da mamografia, para que seja possível
uma reformulação dos programas de intervenção e uma melhoria dos comportamentos
saudáveis no sexo feminino, alterando as crenças e o locus de controlo do exame.
This study aimed to investigate the behavior of breast cancer screening and diagnosis of breast cancer. Through a sample of 120 patients, users of the Health Clinic of Joane Unipessoal Lda., In which instruments such as a sociodemographic questionnaire, a questionnaire for adherence to the means of screening for breast cancer, the HADS scale, the EVA scale, and health belief scales and health control locus. Currently, in Portugal, breast cancer is the most common oncological disease, prevalence and mortality in females. The core of this problem seems to be related to the low adherence to screening behaviors, mainly influenced by the level of knowledge about the potential benefits of its prevention, health beliefs, locus of health control, and physical pain and anxiety at the time of the examination. As the main results of this scientific study, we found a statistically significant association between the variables of literacy, perceived benefits, perceived barriers and HADS in motivation for the test, socioeconomic variables and perceived severity with the frequency of subsequent screening, and we can still to verify high pain when performing the mammographic examination associated with factors such as age and anxiety/depression felt before the mammography. The data obtained contribute to a better understanding of all adherence behaviors to breast cancer screening, so that it is possible to reformulate intervention programs and improve the healthy behaviors of women, leading to changes in beliefs and locus of control breast cancer and mammography.
This study aimed to investigate the behavior of breast cancer screening and diagnosis of breast cancer. Through a sample of 120 patients, users of the Health Clinic of Joane Unipessoal Lda., In which instruments such as a sociodemographic questionnaire, a questionnaire for adherence to the means of screening for breast cancer, the HADS scale, the EVA scale, and health belief scales and health control locus. Currently, in Portugal, breast cancer is the most common oncological disease, prevalence and mortality in females. The core of this problem seems to be related to the low adherence to screening behaviors, mainly influenced by the level of knowledge about the potential benefits of its prevention, health beliefs, locus of health control, and physical pain and anxiety at the time of the examination. As the main results of this scientific study, we found a statistically significant association between the variables of literacy, perceived benefits, perceived barriers and HADS in motivation for the test, socioeconomic variables and perceived severity with the frequency of subsequent screening, and we can still to verify high pain when performing the mammographic examination associated with factors such as age and anxiety/depression felt before the mammography. The data obtained contribute to a better understanding of all adherence behaviors to breast cancer screening, so that it is possible to reformulate intervention programs and improve the healthy behaviors of women, leading to changes in beliefs and locus of control breast cancer and mammography.
Description
Keywords
Cancro da mama Adesão à mamografia Crenças de saúde Locus de controlo Dor na mamografia Morbilidade psicológica na mamografia Breast cancer Adhesion to mammography Health beliefs Locus of control Mammography pain Psychological morbidity in mammography