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O presente estudo avaliou a relação entre história de trauma na infância (abuso físico e emocional, e abuso sexual), bem-estar psicológico (depressão e stress), recursos (suporte social e auto-eficácia) e o risco face às infeções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST’s e número de parceiros), tal como analisou as diferenças entre as mulheres vítimas de trauma versus as mulheres sem história de trauma na infância numa população de 767 mulheres, utentes da consulta de planeamento familiar. Para avaliar as variáveis em estudo procedeu-se à aplicação dos seguintes questionários: Questionário Sociodemográfico; Questionário de Conservação de Recursos; Escala de Depressão do Centro de Estudos Epidemiológicos; Escala de Suporte Social; Escala de Autoeficácia Geral; Questionário de Comportamentos de Risco e Questionário de Trauma Infantil. As mulheres com história de trauma na infância demonstram níveis mais elevados de stress e depressão, apresentando níveis mais baixos de suporte social, comparativamente a mulheres sem história de trauma. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas ao nível da autoeficácia geral, número de parceiros e IST’s. Verificou-se uma relação positiva significativa entre a história de trauma na infância e a sintomatologia depressiva e o stress. Encontrou-se também uma relação negativa entre o a história de trauma na infância e o suporte social. Adicionalmente, verificou-se que as mulheres divorciadas, separadas ou viúvas apresentam índices mais elevados de história de trauma na infância, assim como as mulheres desempregadas. As mulheres que apresentam sintomatologia depressiva apresentam de igual forma índices mais elevados de trauma na infância. Também foi verificado que mulheres sem religião ou que pertencem a outra religião que não a Católica apresentam índices mais elevados de trauma na infância. Este estudo permitiu verificar que a história de trauma na infância possui um impacto no bem-estar psicológico e nos recursos das mulheres portuguesas.
É necessário avaliar a história de trauma com o objetivo de intervir individualmente ou em grupo ao nível da depressão, stress, suporte social, autoeficácia no sentido de recuperar e reabilitar as vítimas
The present study examine the relation between history of childhood trauma (physical and emotional abuse and sexual abuse), psychological well-being (depression and stress), resources (social support and self-efficacy) and the risk towards of sexually transmitted infections (STIs and number of partners), as well as the differences between female victims of trauma versus those female without history of trauma in childhood in a total population of 767 women, family planning consultation users. To assess the variables under study, it was proceeded to the application of the following questionnaires: Sociodemographic Questionnaire; Conservation of Resource Questionnaire; Depression Scale of Epidemiological Studies Center; Social Provisions Scale - Relationship Questionnaire; General Self-efficacy Scale; SDT Markers and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Women with history of abuse in childhood showed higher levels of stress and depression, with lower levels of social support, compared to women without a history of childhood trauma. No significant differences were found in terms of general self-efficacy, number of partners and STIs. There was a significant positive relationship between history of childhood trauma, depressive symptoms and stress. It was also found a negative relationship between history of childhood trauma and social support. Additionally, it was found that divorced women, separated or widowed have higher rates of history of childhood abuse, as well as unemployed women. Women with depressive symptoms have equally higher rates of history of childhood abuse. Moreover, women without religion or belonging to a religion other than Catholic presented higher rates of history of childhood abuse. This study showed that a history of childhood abuse has an impact on the psychological well-being of Portuguese women. Future studies should evaluate trauma histories in order to intervene individually or in groups in terms of depression, stress, social support, self-efficacy for the propose of victims recover and rehabilitate.
The present study examine the relation between history of childhood trauma (physical and emotional abuse and sexual abuse), psychological well-being (depression and stress), resources (social support and self-efficacy) and the risk towards of sexually transmitted infections (STIs and number of partners), as well as the differences between female victims of trauma versus those female without history of trauma in childhood in a total population of 767 women, family planning consultation users. To assess the variables under study, it was proceeded to the application of the following questionnaires: Sociodemographic Questionnaire; Conservation of Resource Questionnaire; Depression Scale of Epidemiological Studies Center; Social Provisions Scale - Relationship Questionnaire; General Self-efficacy Scale; SDT Markers and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Women with history of abuse in childhood showed higher levels of stress and depression, with lower levels of social support, compared to women without a history of childhood trauma. No significant differences were found in terms of general self-efficacy, number of partners and STIs. There was a significant positive relationship between history of childhood trauma, depressive symptoms and stress. It was also found a negative relationship between history of childhood trauma and social support. Additionally, it was found that divorced women, separated or widowed have higher rates of history of childhood abuse, as well as unemployed women. Women with depressive symptoms have equally higher rates of history of childhood abuse. Moreover, women without religion or belonging to a religion other than Catholic presented higher rates of history of childhood abuse. This study showed that a history of childhood abuse has an impact on the psychological well-being of Portuguese women. Future studies should evaluate trauma histories in order to intervene individually or in groups in terms of depression, stress, social support, self-efficacy for the propose of victims recover and rehabilitate.
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Trauma na infância Depressão Stress Suporte social Autoeficácia geral Recursos Trauma in childhood Depression Stress Social support General self-efficacy Resources