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O Goodwill tem sido um clássico e controverso problema contabilístico, agravado pela discricionariedade e subjetividade inerentes à sua contabilização. Dado o interesse deste ativo para os stakeholders e uma vez que as divulgações são um meio de informação para as suas decisões de investimento, o objetivo deste estudo consiste em analisar se as empresas do PSI 20 cumprem com as divulgações exigidas pela IAS 36, quanto às perdas por imparidade do Goodwill. Para o efeito, foi efetuada uma análise de compliance, tomando por referência os relatórios e contas de 2018 das empresas do PSI 20. Os resultados indicam que, em 2018, o nível de divulgação médio foi de 73%. No entanto, o desvio-padrão é de cerca de 30%, refletindo uma grande variação entre os índices de divulgação (ID) das empresas da amostra. Não obstante a discrepância entre empresas, não foram identificados indícios de que as seguintes variáveis influenciem significativamente o ID: setor, auditora, peso relativo do GW no ativo, autonomia financeira, rentabilidade, dimensão. Adicionalmente, através de uma análise por itens de divulgação, foi possível concluir que todas as empresas divulgam a quantia escriturada de Goodwill imputada à unidade geradora de caixa (ou grupo de unidades), tratando-se da única divulgação com um ID de 100%. Por outro lado, apenas 11 em 17 empresas indicam os pressupostos-chave em que o órgão de gestão baseou as suas projeções de fluxos de caixa, constituindo a divulgação com o menor ID, cerca de 65%. Em geral, as divulgações são genéricas, limitando-se em muitos casos a reproduzir o texto da norma, sem dar a conhecer especificidades concretas da entidade em questão.
Goodwill has been a classic and controversial accounting problem, aggravated by the discretion and subjectivity inherent in its accounting. Given the interest of this asset by the stakeholders and since disclosure is a source of information to investment decisions, this study objective is to conclude whether PSI 20 companies comply with the disclosures set by IAS 36 about the impairment of goodwill. For this purpose, taking as a reference the 2018 annual reports of PSI 20 companies, a compliance analysis was carried out. The results show that, in 2018, the average disclosure index was 73%. However, the standard deviation is around 30%, reflecting a wide variation between the index disclosure of the analysed companies. Despite the discrepancy between the entities, no evidence was found that the following variables significantly influence the index disclosures: sector of activity, auditor, relative weight of GW in total assets, external financial needs, profitability, dimension. Additionally, through an analyse by disclosure items, it was possible to conclude that all companies disclose the carrying amount of Goodwill allocated to the cash-generating unit (or group of units). This disclosure was the only one that has a 100% index disclosure. On the other hand, only 11 out of 17 companies reveal the key assumption on which the management based its cash flow projections, which makes it the disclosure with the lower index (65%). Overall, the disclosures are generic. In many cases companies only reproduce the information given in IAS 36, without disclosing specific information about the entity.
Goodwill has been a classic and controversial accounting problem, aggravated by the discretion and subjectivity inherent in its accounting. Given the interest of this asset by the stakeholders and since disclosure is a source of information to investment decisions, this study objective is to conclude whether PSI 20 companies comply with the disclosures set by IAS 36 about the impairment of goodwill. For this purpose, taking as a reference the 2018 annual reports of PSI 20 companies, a compliance analysis was carried out. The results show that, in 2018, the average disclosure index was 73%. However, the standard deviation is around 30%, reflecting a wide variation between the index disclosure of the analysed companies. Despite the discrepancy between the entities, no evidence was found that the following variables significantly influence the index disclosures: sector of activity, auditor, relative weight of GW in total assets, external financial needs, profitability, dimension. Additionally, through an analyse by disclosure items, it was possible to conclude that all companies disclose the carrying amount of Goodwill allocated to the cash-generating unit (or group of units). This disclosure was the only one that has a 100% index disclosure. On the other hand, only 11 out of 17 companies reveal the key assumption on which the management based its cash flow projections, which makes it the disclosure with the lower index (65%). Overall, the disclosures are generic. In many cases companies only reproduce the information given in IAS 36, without disclosing specific information about the entity.
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Keywords
Goodwill Testes de imparidade Perdas por imparidade Divulgações IAS 36 Impairment tests Impairment losses Disclosure Compliance