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Abstract(s)
O Direito Processual Penal português adota o sistema de prova livre, pelo que só são proibidos os meios de prova não permitidos por lei. Condição que reflete a não adstrição das entidades competentes a regras de apreciação, conforme estabelecido no artigo 127.º do Código de Processo Penal. Na prática do processo penal, as entidades são confrontadas com a apreciação de declarações dos participantes processuais, o que implica saberem detetar a veracidade e a mentira. Esta exigência de compreender o psicológico do depoente, que não prescinde de uma fundamentação coerente, comunica com o ramo da psicologia, o qual tem vindo a desenvolver vários estudos neste âmbito. Acontece que, o recurso aos meios de comunicação à distância tem vindo a desenvolver-se com o tempo, contudo, em consequência da pandemia da COVID-19, o uso destes meios aumentou exponencialmente e os condicionalismos diminuíram na mesma proporção. Esta circunstância e o contacto prático com os imperfeitos sistemas informáticos, orientou-nos para tentar compreender até que ponto não se está a prejudicar o princípio da livre apreciação da prova, uma vez que a sua eficácia carece da melhor produção de prova possível. Para atingir melhores resultados, procedemos à recolha da opinião de 23 operadores judiciários, que analisámos e aplicamos à temática.
Portuguese Criminal Procedural Law adopts a free evidence system, therefore it only prohibits means of evidence not allowed by law. Condition that reflects the nonassignment of the competent authorities to rules of assessment, as established in article 127 of the Criminal Procedure Code. In the practice of criminal proceedings, entities apprise the statements of procedural participants which implies knowing how to detect truthfulness and lies. This exigency to understand the psychological aspect of the deponent, which does not prescind of a coherent foundation, relates with the branch of psychology, which has been developing several studies in this sphere. Turns out that the courts, for some years now have been using means of distance communication, and in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, their use has increased exponentially, and the constraints decreased proportionately. This circumstance and the practical contact with imperfect computer systems, guided us to try to understand the extent to which it is not undermining the principle of free assessment of evidence, since effectiveness lacks the best production of evidence. To achieve the best results, we collected the opinion of 23 judicial operators, which we analyzed and applied to the theme.
Portuguese Criminal Procedural Law adopts a free evidence system, therefore it only prohibits means of evidence not allowed by law. Condition that reflects the nonassignment of the competent authorities to rules of assessment, as established in article 127 of the Criminal Procedure Code. In the practice of criminal proceedings, entities apprise the statements of procedural participants which implies knowing how to detect truthfulness and lies. This exigency to understand the psychological aspect of the deponent, which does not prescind of a coherent foundation, relates with the branch of psychology, which has been developing several studies in this sphere. Turns out that the courts, for some years now have been using means of distance communication, and in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, their use has increased exponentially, and the constraints decreased proportionately. This circumstance and the practical contact with imperfect computer systems, guided us to try to understand the extent to which it is not undermining the principle of free assessment of evidence, since effectiveness lacks the best production of evidence. To achieve the best results, we collected the opinion of 23 judicial operators, which we analyzed and applied to the theme.
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Keywords
Processo penal Princípio da livre apreciação da prova Psicologia Meios de comunicação à distância COVID-19 Estudo empírico Criminal procedure Principle of free assessment of evidence Psychology Distance means of communication Empirical research