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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação pretende analisar os crimes de pirataria marítima e terrorismo através
de várias abordagens: análise dos conceitos e dos elementos que os constituem; o seu
estatuto no sistema legal internacional e as formas e motivações inerentes à interação
entre piratas e terroristas. Enquanto fenómenos de criminalidade internacional
organizada, consistem em graves ameaças à vida em sociedade e aos valores em que a
mesma se baseia. Várias dissertações, artigos e legislação foram consultados para
averiguar se o sistema legal atual confere proteção suficiente aos bens jurídicos que estes
crimes colocam em risco e para perceber as opiniões da comunidade científica para
ultrapassar os obstáculos e lacunas existentes. Adicionalmente, foi consultada a legislação
portuguesa, em particular o Código Penal Português, no qual se verificou a inexistência
de uma norma incriminadora referente ao crime de pirataria marítima. Tal facto resulta
na incapacidade do sistema legal português de sancionar essas condutas. Em conclusão,
concluímos que o Direito Internacional Criminal vigente para estes crimes, é ineficiente
e incapaz de assegurar a sua prevenção e punição. Este objetivo apenas poderá ser
alcançado com o reconhecimento da pirataria marítima e do terrorismo como crimes
internacionais e com a consagração do terrorismo no Estatuto de Roma para a criação do
Tribunal Penal Internacional.
This paper presents the analysis of the crimes of maritime piracy and terrorism, through several approaches: analysis of these concepts and their intrinsic elements; their status in the international legal system and the forms and motivations underpinning the interaction between pirates and terrorists. As international organized criminal phenomena they consist in grave threats to our current way of living and to the way in which world trade, in a nutshell to the values that modern society is based. Various dissertations, articles and legislation were examined in order to ascertain if the legal status quo provides sufficient protection to safeguard the legal assets at stake imperiled by these crimes and to disclose the scientific community’s findings and recommendations to overcome the existing obstacles and shortfalls. The Portuguese legislation was also reviewed, in particular the Portuguese Criminal Code, of which we noticed the inexistence of an incriminating norm regarding maritime piracy. That fact consequently results in the Portuguese judicial system’s incapacity to sanction the aforementioned criminal conducts. Overall, we conclude that the existing International Criminal Law regarding these crimes, is both inefficient and unable to ensure their prevention and sanction. That objective could only be achieved by the recognition of maritime piracy and terrorism as international crimes and the latter insertion in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.
This paper presents the analysis of the crimes of maritime piracy and terrorism, through several approaches: analysis of these concepts and their intrinsic elements; their status in the international legal system and the forms and motivations underpinning the interaction between pirates and terrorists. As international organized criminal phenomena they consist in grave threats to our current way of living and to the way in which world trade, in a nutshell to the values that modern society is based. Various dissertations, articles and legislation were examined in order to ascertain if the legal status quo provides sufficient protection to safeguard the legal assets at stake imperiled by these crimes and to disclose the scientific community’s findings and recommendations to overcome the existing obstacles and shortfalls. The Portuguese legislation was also reviewed, in particular the Portuguese Criminal Code, of which we noticed the inexistence of an incriminating norm regarding maritime piracy. That fact consequently results in the Portuguese judicial system’s incapacity to sanction the aforementioned criminal conducts. Overall, we conclude that the existing International Criminal Law regarding these crimes, is both inefficient and unable to ensure their prevention and sanction. That objective could only be achieved by the recognition of maritime piracy and terrorism as international crimes and the latter insertion in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.
Description
Keywords
Pirataria marítima Terrorismo Convenção das Nações Unidas sobre o Direito do Mar Jurisdição universal Direito Internacional Criminal Maritime Piracy Terrorism United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea Universal jurisdiction Internacional Criminal Law