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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A relação da pessoa com o seu corpo é, nos dias de hoje, uma temática de suma pertinência.
Vários autores contemporâneos têm, ao longo do século XX, contestado uma visão
dualista do ser humano, apresentando uma visão antropológica de inspiração cristã, que surge
como uma conceção alternativa de pessoa. Esta reflexão cristã sobre o corpo humano, passa
também por uma visão bíblica sobre o homem, na sua relação com Deus e com o seu semelhante,
como dimensões fundamentais do que significa ser pessoa.
No primeiro capítulo lançaremos as bases teológicas e filosóficas da nossa reflexão,
recorrendo ao pensamento de três autores: Gabriel Marcel, Maurice Merleau-Ponty e Karol
Wojtyla/João Paulo II. No segundo, procuraremos na Sagrada Escritura o fundamento e a base
para a nossa reflexão, focando a nossa atenção na antropologia presente no livros do Génesis,
nos Evangelhos e nas cartas de São Paulo. No último capítulo dedicar-nos-emos a olhar três
realidades que consideramos constituirem usos do corpo contrários à sua dignidade: a publicidade,
a pornografia e a prostituição.
A partir deste caminho, a reflexão que apresentamos conclui que a na publicidade, na
pornografia e na prostituição, cada qual a seu modo, o corpo é pensado e tratado como um
objeto de consumo desligado da identidade da pessoa que é aquele corpo, retirando-o da lógica
do dom e perpetuando estereótipos das relações e desempenho de papéis entre homens e
mulheres. Percebemos, no entanto, que a pornografia e a prostituição são realidades que, intrinsecamente,
manipulam o corpo de um modo que é contrário à sua dignidade, ao passo que
a publicidade não tem em si mesma esta natureza podendo, em certos casos, correr o mesmo
risco de objectificação do corpo.
A person’s relationship with their body is nowadays a theme of the utmost importance. Throughout the 20th century, several contemporary authors have spoken against a dualistic view of the human being, presenting instead an anthropological vision of Christian inspiration, that appears as an alternate conception of what it means to be a person. This christian thought about the human body, also implies a biblical vision about one’s relationship with God and with his fellow-men, which constitute fundamental dimensions of what it means to be a person. In the first chapter we launch the theological and philosophical basis of our reflection based on the thinking of three authors: Gabriel Marcel, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Karol Wojtyła/John Paul II. In the second chapter we look to Holy Scripture for another basis for our reflection, focusing our attention on the anthropology present in the book of Genesis, the Gospels, and the letters of Saint Paul. In the final chapter, we dedicate some time looking at three realities that we consider to be a use of the body that is contrary to its dignity: publicity, pornography, and prostitution. Following this path, we conclude that in all these realities, the body is thought of and treated as a consumer object, which disconnects it from the identity of the person which is that body, removes it from the logic of gift and serves to perpetuate stereotypes of relationships and gender roles between men and women. We realize however that both pornography and prostitution are realities that intrinsically manipulate the body in a way that is contrary to its dignity, whereas publicity does not have in itself the same nature, despite, in some cases, having the same risk of objectifying the body.
A person’s relationship with their body is nowadays a theme of the utmost importance. Throughout the 20th century, several contemporary authors have spoken against a dualistic view of the human being, presenting instead an anthropological vision of Christian inspiration, that appears as an alternate conception of what it means to be a person. This christian thought about the human body, also implies a biblical vision about one’s relationship with God and with his fellow-men, which constitute fundamental dimensions of what it means to be a person. In the first chapter we launch the theological and philosophical basis of our reflection based on the thinking of three authors: Gabriel Marcel, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Karol Wojtyła/John Paul II. In the second chapter we look to Holy Scripture for another basis for our reflection, focusing our attention on the anthropology present in the book of Genesis, the Gospels, and the letters of Saint Paul. In the final chapter, we dedicate some time looking at three realities that we consider to be a use of the body that is contrary to its dignity: publicity, pornography, and prostitution. Following this path, we conclude that in all these realities, the body is thought of and treated as a consumer object, which disconnects it from the identity of the person which is that body, removes it from the logic of gift and serves to perpetuate stereotypes of relationships and gender roles between men and women. We realize however that both pornography and prostitution are realities that intrinsically manipulate the body in a way that is contrary to its dignity, whereas publicity does not have in itself the same nature, despite, in some cases, having the same risk of objectifying the body.
Description
Keywords
Corpo Antropologia Dignidade humana Dom Pornografia Prostituição Publicidade Objetificação Body Anthropology Human dignity Gift Pornography Prostitution Publicity Objectification