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O tema da validade das cláusulas de sole remedy no ordenamento jurídico português constitui um verdadeiro desafio para a Doutrina e Jurisprudência nacionais. O facto de corresponder a uma importação de figuras praticadas em países da common law, sistema jurídico com especificidades relativamente aos ordenamentos jurídicos da civil law, torna a tarefa ainda mais difícil.
A análise da admissibilidade deste tipo de cláusulas é de vital importância, considerando que, na prática contratual, tem proliferado a sua utilização, tanto em contratos internacionais, como em contratos puramente domésticos.
Partindo da compreensão das cláusulas de sole remedy como expressão de uma verdadeira renúncia aos meios de reação ao incumprimento que a lei coloca à disposição do credor, procuraremos analisar a sua validade no confronto com o artigo 809.º do Código Civil. Esta coordenada normativa, ao proibir a renúncia antecipada a certos mecanismos de tutela jurídica, convoca para a discussão quesitos sobre a validade das cláusulas de sole remedy, mas também, num plano mais basilar, traz para o debate o papel interventivo e limitativo do
legislador no Direito Privado e o fundamento e razão de ser do paternalismo estadual.
The issue of the validity of sole remedy clauses in the Portuguese legal system constitutes a real challenge for Portuguese Doctrine and Jurisprudence. The fact that it corresponds to an import of clauses practised in common law countries, a legal system with specific features in relation to civil law countries, makes the task even harder. The analysis of the admissibility of this type of clause is of vital importance considering that in contractual practice its use has increased both in international contracts and in purely domestic ones. Departing from the understanding of sole remedy clauses as an expression of a true waiver of the means of reaction to non-compliance that the law places at the creditor's disposal, we shall seek to analyse their validity in confrontation with Article 809 of the Civil Code. By forbidding the early waiver of certain legal remedies, this norm brings into discussion questions regarding the validity of sole remedy clauses, but also, on a more fundamental level, the intervening and limiting role of the legislator in private law and the grounds and rationale of state intervention.
The issue of the validity of sole remedy clauses in the Portuguese legal system constitutes a real challenge for Portuguese Doctrine and Jurisprudence. The fact that it corresponds to an import of clauses practised in common law countries, a legal system with specific features in relation to civil law countries, makes the task even harder. The analysis of the admissibility of this type of clause is of vital importance considering that in contractual practice its use has increased both in international contracts and in purely domestic ones. Departing from the understanding of sole remedy clauses as an expression of a true waiver of the means of reaction to non-compliance that the law places at the creditor's disposal, we shall seek to analyse their validity in confrontation with Article 809 of the Civil Code. By forbidding the early waiver of certain legal remedies, this norm brings into discussion questions regarding the validity of sole remedy clauses, but also, on a more fundamental level, the intervening and limiting role of the legislator in private law and the grounds and rationale of state intervention.
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Keywords
Cláusulas de sole remedy Autonomia privada Renúncia antecipada Resolução Commodum de representação Cumprimento Incumprimento