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Abstract(s)
O conhecimento da Neurociência permite compreender o desenvolvimento cerebral que ocorre no período da adolescência. Regista-se que os adolescentes apresentam um processo de tomada de decisão que privilegia alcançar recompensas, ao invés de evitar punições. Deste modo, estão mais propensos para desenvolverem comportamentos de risco que podem conduzir a atos ilícitos. O principal objectivo deste estudo consistiu em avaliar a capacidade de tomada de decisão em contextos ambíguos e de risco de jovens institucionalizados (n=17) através do instrumento Gambling Task e comparar o desempenho destes com um grupo de controlo (n=17). Os resultados do estudo indicam que o grupo de jovens institucionalizados revela melhor desempenho do que o grupo de controlo para a tomada de decisão ambígua. Em contexto de tomada de decisão de risco, a análise dos resultados poderá sugerir maior sensibilidade para as recompensas que para a punição no grupo de jovens institucionalizados. Procurou-se ainda verificar a existência de correlação entre o desempenho na tarefa com o nível de QI, através da aplicação da prova Matrizes Progressivas de Raven, e com a gravidade dos actos ilícitos cometidos pelos jovens institucionalizados. Não foi possível, no entanto, encontrar correlações entre estas variáveis. Este estudo deu um contributo para melhorar o conhecimento sobre o processo de tomada de decisão no período da adolescência e, particularmente, na população institucionalizada.
The Neuroscience knowledge provides insight about the cerebral development that occurs in adolescence. It is noted that adolescents present a decision-making process that favors reaching rewards, instead of avoiding punishments. Thus, they are more likely to develop risk behaviors that can lead to illicit actions. The main purpose of this study was to assess the capacity of decision making in ambiguous and risk contexts in institutionalized adolescents (n=17) with the Gambling Task and compare their performance with a control group (n=17). The results of the study indicate that the group of institutionalized adolescents reveals better performance than control group in ambiguous decision-making. In risk decision-making, the results analysis might suggest greater sensitivity to rewards than for punishment in institutionalized adolescents group. Additionally, the investigation searched for a correlation between the performance in the task with the IQ level, through Raven's Progressive Matrices, and the gravity of the illicit acts committed by the group of institutionalized adolescents. However, it was not possible to find any relation between the variables. This study gave a contribute to enhance the knowledge about the decision making process during adolescence and, particularly, in institutionalized population.
The Neuroscience knowledge provides insight about the cerebral development that occurs in adolescence. It is noted that adolescents present a decision-making process that favors reaching rewards, instead of avoiding punishments. Thus, they are more likely to develop risk behaviors that can lead to illicit actions. The main purpose of this study was to assess the capacity of decision making in ambiguous and risk contexts in institutionalized adolescents (n=17) with the Gambling Task and compare their performance with a control group (n=17). The results of the study indicate that the group of institutionalized adolescents reveals better performance than control group in ambiguous decision-making. In risk decision-making, the results analysis might suggest greater sensitivity to rewards than for punishment in institutionalized adolescents group. Additionally, the investigation searched for a correlation between the performance in the task with the IQ level, through Raven's Progressive Matrices, and the gravity of the illicit acts committed by the group of institutionalized adolescents. However, it was not possible to find any relation between the variables. This study gave a contribute to enhance the knowledge about the decision making process during adolescence and, particularly, in institutionalized population.
Description
Keywords
Adolescência Delinquência Tomada de decisão ambígua Tomada de decisão de risco Adolescence Delinquency Ambiguous decision making Risk decision making