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Saúde geral e oral de idosos institucionalizados : um estudo comparativo
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Introdução: O número de população idosa é cada vez maior, devido aos progressos na medicina que preservam a saúde humana, melhoram o índice de qualidade de vida, a saúde geral e a saúde oral dos idosos. As patologias orais mais frequentes nos idosos são a doença periodontal, cárie dentária, edentulismo, halitose, lesões da mucosa oral e xerostomia.
Objetivos: Comparar os cuidados de saúde oral em idosos institucionalizados no Lar Viscondessa de São Caetano (SCMV) e na Fundação Mariana Seixas (FMS), em Viseu. Os objetivos específicos passam por comparar as variáveis sociodemográficas dos idosos; identificar as patologias de saúde geral mais frequentes e caracterizar os comportamentos, hábitos de higiene oral e a prevalência de doenças orais nos idosos.
Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico observacional transversal, recorrendo à perspetiva descritivo-correlacional. A amostra estudada é constituída por 208 idosos, dos quais 113 pertencem à SCMV e 95 pertencem à FMS. Na SCMV e na FMS, o género que predomina é o género feminino (n=89; 78,8% e n=87; 91,6% respetivamente). A recolha de dados foi realizada através da aplicação de questionários aos idosos das instituições e observação intra-oral para avaliação clínica.
Resultados: As diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os idosos das duas instituições encontram-se nas variáveis DPOC, Hipertensão, problemas de rins e de sistema urinário, com maior prevalência nos idosos da SCMV. A nível da saúde oral, as diferenças englobam a consulta, motivo da ida ao dentista e tempo de utilização das próteses dentárias, onde se evidencia que os idosos da FMS realizam mais consultas no dentista por motivos de prótese dentária, rotina e limpeza, assim como possuem mais tempo de utilização das próteses dentárias (> 10 anos) do que os idosos da SCMV. Relativamente às patologias de saúde oral, 109 idosos manifestaram sintomas de xerostomia, sobretudo os idosos institucionalizados na FMS (55,8%).
Conclusões: Nos idosos institucionalizados exige-se uma maior prevenção na saúde oral baseada numa higiene oral adequada, utilização de próteses dentárias, periodicidade nas consultas ao médico dentista, informação sobre a utilização de cheques-dentista, frequência a acções de sensibilização para a educação para a saúde oral.
Introduction: The number of elderly population is increasing due to advances in medicine that preserve human health, improve the quality of life index, general health and oral health of the elderly. The most frequent oral pathologies in the elderly are periodontal disease, dental caries, edentulism, halitosis, lesions of the oral mucosa and xerostomia. Objectives: To compare oral health care among institutionalized elderly people in the Visigothic Hospital of São Caetano (SCMV) and in the Mariana Seixas Foundation (FMS), in Viseu. The specific objectives are to compare the sociodemographic variables of the elderly; To identify the most frequent general health conditions and to characterize the behaviors, oral hygiene habits and the prevalence of oral diseases in the elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional observational epidemiological study was performed, using a descriptive-correlational perspective. The sample consisted of 208 elderly people, of whom 113 belong to SCMV and 95 belong to FMS. In SCMV and FMS, the gender that predominates is the female gender (n = 89, 78.8% and n = 87, 91.6% respectively). The data collection was performed through the application of questionnaires to the elderly of the institutions and intra-oral observation for clinical evaluation. Results: The statistically significant differences between the elderly of the two institutions are found in the variables COPD, Hypertension, kidney and urinary system problems, with a higher prevalence in the elderly of SCMV. In terms of oral health, the differences include consultation, reason for going to the dentist and time of use of dental prostheses, where it is evident that the elderly of the FMS perform more dental consultations for reasons of dental prosthesis, routine and cleaning, as well as Have more time to use dental prostheses (> 10 years) than the SCMV elderly. Regarding oral health disorders, 109 elderly people presented with symptoms of xerostomia, especially the elderly institutionalized in FMS (55.8%). Conclusions: In the institutionalized elderly, a greater prevention of oral health is required, based on adequate oral hygiene, the use of dental prostheses, periodicity in the X consultations with the dentist, information on the use of dental checks, attendance at health wareness campaigns oral.
Introduction: The number of elderly population is increasing due to advances in medicine that preserve human health, improve the quality of life index, general health and oral health of the elderly. The most frequent oral pathologies in the elderly are periodontal disease, dental caries, edentulism, halitosis, lesions of the oral mucosa and xerostomia. Objectives: To compare oral health care among institutionalized elderly people in the Visigothic Hospital of São Caetano (SCMV) and in the Mariana Seixas Foundation (FMS), in Viseu. The specific objectives are to compare the sociodemographic variables of the elderly; To identify the most frequent general health conditions and to characterize the behaviors, oral hygiene habits and the prevalence of oral diseases in the elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional observational epidemiological study was performed, using a descriptive-correlational perspective. The sample consisted of 208 elderly people, of whom 113 belong to SCMV and 95 belong to FMS. In SCMV and FMS, the gender that predominates is the female gender (n = 89, 78.8% and n = 87, 91.6% respectively). The data collection was performed through the application of questionnaires to the elderly of the institutions and intra-oral observation for clinical evaluation. Results: The statistically significant differences between the elderly of the two institutions are found in the variables COPD, Hypertension, kidney and urinary system problems, with a higher prevalence in the elderly of SCMV. In terms of oral health, the differences include consultation, reason for going to the dentist and time of use of dental prostheses, where it is evident that the elderly of the FMS perform more dental consultations for reasons of dental prosthesis, routine and cleaning, as well as Have more time to use dental prostheses (> 10 years) than the SCMV elderly. Regarding oral health disorders, 109 elderly people presented with symptoms of xerostomia, especially the elderly institutionalized in FMS (55.8%). Conclusions: In the institutionalized elderly, a greater prevention of oral health is required, based on adequate oral hygiene, the use of dental prostheses, periodicity in the X consultations with the dentist, information on the use of dental checks, attendance at health wareness campaigns oral.
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Idoso institucionalizado Saúde oral Próteses dentárias Polimedicação Cárie dentária Estudo comparativo Institutionalized elderly Oral health Dental prosthetics Polymerization Dental cavity Comparative study