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Abstract(s)
Os avanços das tecnologias e dos sistemas de informação promoveram novas formas de gestão, ao nível do planeamento, controlo e tomada de decisões, para as or-ganizações. Neste contexto, os sistemas ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) surgem como uma oportunidade para os gestores conduzirem as suas organizações mais eficien-temente, uma vez que permitem interligar diferentes departamentos de forma mais eficaz, melhorar a informação que existe dentro das organizações e agilizar o processo de gestão. Estes sistemas são cada vez mais comuns nas organizações industriais e de serviços, e a sua aplicação nas instituições de ensino deve ser equacionada pela mais-valia que poderá oferecer-lhes.
Esta investigação centra-se no estudo de caso de três instituições de ensino não superior que implementaram sistemas ERP, com o objetivo de analisar as motivações, os impactos, as dificuldades enfrentadas e os fatores críticos de sucesso no que diz res-peito à sua implementação. A metodologia utilizada foi a de estudos de casos múltiplos e baseou-se na recolha direta de dados através da observação, análise documental e rea-lização de entrevistas.
O estudo permitiu constatar que as motivações que levam as instituições de en-sino a adoptar o sistema ERP são alcançadas com a sua implementação, designadamente a integração e qualidade da informação, melhoria dos serviços e redução do tempo de trabalho. Apesar dos benefícios alcançados, é necessário ter em conta as dificuldades sentidas e enfrentadas na sua adopção e implementação, nomeadamente a demora do processo de instalação devido à sua complexidade, a resistência à mudança por parte dos utilizadores e a necessidade de efetuar um número significativos de adaptações. Como fatores chave para o sucesso são identificados a motivação para a implementação, que tem por base uma explicação prévia sobre os ganhos e os benefícios do sistema a todas as partes interessadas, a necessidade de efetuar formação adequada, a existência de uma equipa de projeto dinâmica e abrangente que deve ser apoiada pela direção e a existência de uma parceria forte com o fornecedor do sistema ERP, que vai para além do processo de implementação.
Progress in technology and information systems has promoted new forms of management, in terms of planning, control and decision-making, for organizations. In this context, ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems emerge as an opportunity for managers to lead their organizations more efficiently, since they allow more effective connection between different departments, improve the information existing within or-ganizations and make the management process more agile. These systems are increasingly common in industrial and service organizations and their application in ed-ucational institutions should be considered due to the possible advantages. This research is centred on the case study of three institutions of non-higher edu-cation that implemented ERP systems, with the aim of analyzing the motivations, impacts, difficulties faced and critical success factors concerning their implementation. The methodology used was multiple case studies and based on direct data collection through observation, documentary analysis and interviews. The study showed that the motivations leading educational institutions to adopt the ERP system are fulfilled by its implementation, namely the integration and quality of information, improvement in services and reduced working time. Despite the benefits achieved, it is necessary to bear in mind the difficulties felt and faced in its adoption and implementation, particularly the lengthy installation process due to its complexity, us-ers’ resistance to change and the need to make a significant number of adaptations. Identified as key factors for success are motivation towards implementation, which is based on previous explanation of the gains and benefits of the system to all parties in-volved, the need for suitable training, the existence of a dynamic and wide-ranging project team which should have leadership support, and a solid partnership with the supplier of the ERP system extending beyond the implementation process.
Progress in technology and information systems has promoted new forms of management, in terms of planning, control and decision-making, for organizations. In this context, ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems emerge as an opportunity for managers to lead their organizations more efficiently, since they allow more effective connection between different departments, improve the information existing within or-ganizations and make the management process more agile. These systems are increasingly common in industrial and service organizations and their application in ed-ucational institutions should be considered due to the possible advantages. This research is centred on the case study of three institutions of non-higher edu-cation that implemented ERP systems, with the aim of analyzing the motivations, impacts, difficulties faced and critical success factors concerning their implementation. The methodology used was multiple case studies and based on direct data collection through observation, documentary analysis and interviews. The study showed that the motivations leading educational institutions to adopt the ERP system are fulfilled by its implementation, namely the integration and quality of information, improvement in services and reduced working time. Despite the benefits achieved, it is necessary to bear in mind the difficulties felt and faced in its adoption and implementation, particularly the lengthy installation process due to its complexity, us-ers’ resistance to change and the need to make a significant number of adaptations. Identified as key factors for success are motivation towards implementation, which is based on previous explanation of the gains and benefits of the system to all parties in-volved, the need for suitable training, the existence of a dynamic and wide-ranging project team which should have leadership support, and a solid partnership with the supplier of the ERP system extending beyond the implementation process.
Description
Keywords
Sistemas de informação Enterprise resource planning Educação Ensino não superior Information systems Education Non-higher education