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A importância dos fatores culturais no enquadramento dos crimes de género
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A crescente diversidade cultural resultante da migração no Ocidente, coloca desafios significativos ao sistema de justiça penal, sobretudo no que concerne à ponderação dos fatores culturais na determinação da responsabilidade criminal. A defesa cultural, enquanto argumento jurídico, distingue-se consoante a sua utilização como fundamento autónomo ou como elemento integrador das defesas tradicionais. No presente estudo, optamos por centrar a nossa análise na segunda hipótese, explorando de que modo a cultura pode ser um fator relevante na avaliação da culpabilidade. Para tal, analisamos três crimes de género, avaliando o tratamento jurisprudencial nacional e internacional quanto à admissibilidade de tais fatores na decisão judicial. Defendemos que, embora a defesa cultural possa ser considerada como uma atenuante na avaliação da culpabilidade, ela deve sempre ser limitada pela proteção dos direitos humanos, princípio universal que consubstancia o pilar de qualquer sistema de justiça penal justo e equitativo.
The growing cultural diversity resulting from migration in the West poses significant challenges to the criminal justice system, particularly with regard to the consideration of cultural factors in determining criminal responsibility. Cultural defense, as a legal argument, is distinguished by its use either as a freestanding defense or as an element to buttress one of the traditional defenses. In the present study, we choose to focus our analysis on the latter approach, exploring how culture can be a relevant factor in the assessment of culpability. To this end, three gender-based crimes are discussed evaluating both national and international jurisprudential treatment concerning the admissibility of such factors in judicial decision-making. We argue that, while cultural defense may be considered as a mitigating factor in the assessment of culpability, it must always be constrained by the protection of human rights, a universal principle that must serve as the cornerstone of any fair and equitable criminal justice system.
The growing cultural diversity resulting from migration in the West poses significant challenges to the criminal justice system, particularly with regard to the consideration of cultural factors in determining criminal responsibility. Cultural defense, as a legal argument, is distinguished by its use either as a freestanding defense or as an element to buttress one of the traditional defenses. In the present study, we choose to focus our analysis on the latter approach, exploring how culture can be a relevant factor in the assessment of culpability. To this end, three gender-based crimes are discussed evaluating both national and international jurisprudential treatment concerning the admissibility of such factors in judicial decision-making. We argue that, while cultural defense may be considered as a mitigating factor in the assessment of culpability, it must always be constrained by the protection of human rights, a universal principle that must serve as the cornerstone of any fair and equitable criminal justice system.
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Diversidade cultural Responsabilidade criminal Defesa cultural Cultural diversity Criminal responsibility Cultural defense
Contexto Educativo
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC