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Cuidar significa olhar para além da doença, do sofrimento, reconhecendo cada pessoa no seu todo e no confronto com aquilo que a faz sofrer. É por esta razão que a prática de cuidados de enfermagem exige conhecimentos e habilidades aprendidas e algum grau de entrega, particularmente importante, em cuidados de longa duração.
Com a finalidade de obter um conhecimento profundo, que permita caracterizar o cuidar de enfermagem em Cuidados de Longa Duração, foi desenhado um Estudo de Caso, enquanto pesquisa empírica que investiga o fenómeno no seu ambiente natural, quando as fronteiras entre o ambiente e o contexto não são bem definidas, de modo a compreender as particularidades das práticas de cuidados de enfermagem à pessoa idosa, a entender as dimensões da relação de cuidar percebidas pelos enfermeiros e pelos idosos e a analisar constrangimentos e gratificações resultantes da interação entre ambos nestes contextos. O estudo integrou 65 enfermeiros e 113 idosos cuidados em vários equipamentos de cuidados de longa duração do distrito de Castelo Branco. A informação foi obtida através do Inventário de Comportamentos de Cuidar e de entrevistas semi estruturadas e recorreu-se à triangulação de fontes e de dados e triangulação com a teoria privilegiando uma metodologia indutiva.
A análise realizada e interpretação obtida permitiu concluir que, por parte dos enfermeiros, existe um grande investimento na relação de cuidar e que esta é, efetivamente, uma relação de ajuda. É mediada pela intencionalidade dos gestos e das ações face às caraterísticas das pessoas a quem se destinam, é deliberada e com ela os enfermeiros visam atingir o bem estar da pessoa cuidada. Estas atitudes são percebidas pelos utentes de modo idêntico, revelado tanto pelo seu grau de concordância com os comportamentos dos enfermeiros como pela convergência entre as opiniões sobre o cuidar e os cuidados prestados aos idosos nestes contextos e as perceções dos cuidados recebidos. Do conhecimento dos contextos, salientou-se o elemento tempo que surgiu como facilitador das interações e dos resultados das mesmas em alguns contextos, mas, na maioria, a sua ausência foi o elemento de maior constrangimento.
Take care means looking behind the illness and the suffering and recognize each person as a whole and in confrontation with what makes her suffer. It is for this reason that the practice of nursing requires knowledge and learned abilities and a certain degree of commitment particularly in long term care. With the purpose of obtaining a deep knowledge that permits to characterize the nursing care in long term care, was designed a case study, as an empirical research that investigates the phenomenon in its natural environment, when the frontiers between the environment and the context are not well defined, in order to understand the particularities of the nursing care practices to elderly person, understand the dimensions of caring relationships understood by the nurses and the elderly and analyse constraints and gratifications as a result of the interaction between both in this contexts. The study integrated 65 nurses and 113 elderly who receiving care in several long term care equipments from Castelo Branco district. The information was obtained through the Caring Behaviours Inventory and semi-structured interviews and resort by the triangulation of sources and data and triangulation with the theory privileging an inductive methodology. The analysis and interpretation obtained allowed us to conclude that, by nurses, there is a large investment in care relation and that, this is effectively a helping relationship. It is mediated by the intentionality of gestures and actions against the characteristics of people who are destined, it is deliberate and nurses aim to achieve the welfare of the person cared for. This attitudes are perceived by the users in an identical way, both revealed by their degree of agreement with nurses behaviours as, by the convergence between the opinions about caring and the cares provided to the elderly in these contexts and the perceptions of the care received. From the knowledge of the contexts was underlined the element time which appeared as interaction facilitator and from its results in some contexts, but in most of cases its absence was the more constraint element.
Take care means looking behind the illness and the suffering and recognize each person as a whole and in confrontation with what makes her suffer. It is for this reason that the practice of nursing requires knowledge and learned abilities and a certain degree of commitment particularly in long term care. With the purpose of obtaining a deep knowledge that permits to characterize the nursing care in long term care, was designed a case study, as an empirical research that investigates the phenomenon in its natural environment, when the frontiers between the environment and the context are not well defined, in order to understand the particularities of the nursing care practices to elderly person, understand the dimensions of caring relationships understood by the nurses and the elderly and analyse constraints and gratifications as a result of the interaction between both in this contexts. The study integrated 65 nurses and 113 elderly who receiving care in several long term care equipments from Castelo Branco district. The information was obtained through the Caring Behaviours Inventory and semi-structured interviews and resort by the triangulation of sources and data and triangulation with the theory privileging an inductive methodology. The analysis and interpretation obtained allowed us to conclude that, by nurses, there is a large investment in care relation and that, this is effectively a helping relationship. It is mediated by the intentionality of gestures and actions against the characteristics of people who are destined, it is deliberate and nurses aim to achieve the welfare of the person cared for. This attitudes are perceived by the users in an identical way, both revealed by their degree of agreement with nurses behaviours as, by the convergence between the opinions about caring and the cares provided to the elderly in these contexts and the perceptions of the care received. From the knowledge of the contexts was underlined the element time which appeared as interaction facilitator and from its results in some contexts, but in most of cases its absence was the more constraint element.
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Idosos Cuidar de enfermagem Cuidados de longa duração Estudo de caso Elderly Nursing care Long term care Case study