Loading...
Publication
Incontinência urinária no pós-parto : epidemiologia e impacto na qualidade de vida das mulheres
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.61 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
INTRODUÇÃO: A incontinência urinária (IU) é considerada como uma perda involuntária de urina sendo mais frequente nas mulheres do que nos homens. A incontinência urinária tem um impacto negativo na qualidade de vida, com implicações importantes a nível psicológico e físico, na vida social e sexual e com custos económicos elevados. Na mulher, a gravidez e o trauma do parto têm sido considerados fatores de risco significativos para a presença de IU no pós-parto imediato e para a sua persistência no restante ciclo de vida. Com esta tese pretende-se: realizar a validação de dois instrumentos de avaliação a da incontinência urinária e a da qualidade de vida relacionada, avaliar a prevalência da incontinência urinária no pós-parto, os fatores de risco associados e o impacto na qualidade de vida das mulheres portuguesas. METODOLOGIA: A presente investigação incluiu duas etapas. A primeira consistiu em dois estudos metodológicos em que se realizou a validação dos dois instrumentos para a cultura portuguesa, o ICIQ-UI SF e o ICIQ-LUTSQol. Na segunda, foi realizado um estudo observacional de tipo transversal em que foi constituída uma amostra de 696 mulheres com um parto ocorrido até há um ano e em que foi avaliada a presença de incontinência urinária, os fatores de risco associados e o impacto na qualidade de vida através da utilização de um questionário online disponibilizado nas redes sociais. RESULTADOS: Obtivemos uma taxa de prevalência de 46,6% numa amostra de 696 mulheres tendo 324 participantes referido perdas de urina, ou seja, incontinência urinária. Os fatores de risco identificados e estudados foram a presença de perdas urinárias antes da gravidez, durante a gravidez, o tipo de parto e a idade acima dos 34 anos. A frequência das perdas de urina encontra-se associada a uma menor qualidade de vida. Mesmo perder urina uma vez por semana foi considerado como tendo um grande impacto na qualidade de vida por 18,8% das mulheres. No entanto quando a perda de urina acontece diversas vezes ao dia o impacto é mais significativo mostrando que 63,6% consideram-na ter um grande impacto na qualidade de vida. CONCLUSÃO: Esta tese permitiu a validação de dois instrumentos muito úteis e importantes para a clínica e para a investigação nesta área. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo permitiram concluir que a prevalência encontrada da incontinência urinária no pós-parto corrobora as evidências existentes de que esta condição constitui um problema de saúde que necessita de ser abordado na prática de cuidados. A incontinência urinária tem um significativo impacto na qualidade de vida das mulheres particularmente a nível da sua relação com o seu companheiro, na vida sexual e no bem-estar psicológico.
INTRODUCTION: Urinary incontinence (UI) is defined as an involuntary loss of urine being more frequent in women than in men. Urinary incontinence has a negative impact on quality of life, with significant psychological, physical, social and sexual implications and high economic costs. In women, pregnancy and birth trauma have been considered significant risk factors for the presence of UI in the immediate postpartum period and for its persistence in its life cycle. With this thesis we intend to carry out the validation of two instruments to assess urinary incontinence and quality of life, to assess the prevalence of urinary incontinence in the postpartum period, the associated risk factors and the impact on the quality of life of Portuguese women. METHODOLOGY: The present investigation included two stages. The first consisted of two methodological studies in which two instruments were validated for the Portuguese culture, the ICIQ-UI SF and the ICIQ-LUTSQol. In the second, a cross-sectional observational study was carried out, in which a sample of 696 women, with a delivery occurred up to one year ago, was carried out, in which the presence of urinary incontinence, the associated risk factors and the impact on quality of life were evaluated through use of an online questionnaire made available on social networks. RESULTS: We obtained a prevalence rate of 46.6% in a sample of 696 women, with 324 participants reporting urine leakage, that is, urinary incontinence. The risk factors identified were the presence of urinary leakage before pregnancy, during pregnancy, type of delivery and age over 34 years. The frequency of urine leakage is associated with a lower quality of life. Even losing urine once a week was found to have a major impact on quality of life by 18.8% of women. However, when urine loss occurs several times a day, the impact is more significant, showing that 63.6% consider it a great impact on quality of life. CONCLUSION: This thesis allowed the validation of two important instruments for the clinic and for research in this area. The results obtained in this study allowed us to conclude that the prevalence of urinary incontinence found in the postpartum period corroborates the existing evidence that this condition is a health problem that needs to be addressed in the practice of care. Urinary incontinence has a significant impact on women's quality of life, particularly in terms of their relationship with their partner, sex life and psychological wellbeing.
INTRODUCTION: Urinary incontinence (UI) is defined as an involuntary loss of urine being more frequent in women than in men. Urinary incontinence has a negative impact on quality of life, with significant psychological, physical, social and sexual implications and high economic costs. In women, pregnancy and birth trauma have been considered significant risk factors for the presence of UI in the immediate postpartum period and for its persistence in its life cycle. With this thesis we intend to carry out the validation of two instruments to assess urinary incontinence and quality of life, to assess the prevalence of urinary incontinence in the postpartum period, the associated risk factors and the impact on the quality of life of Portuguese women. METHODOLOGY: The present investigation included two stages. The first consisted of two methodological studies in which two instruments were validated for the Portuguese culture, the ICIQ-UI SF and the ICIQ-LUTSQol. In the second, a cross-sectional observational study was carried out, in which a sample of 696 women, with a delivery occurred up to one year ago, was carried out, in which the presence of urinary incontinence, the associated risk factors and the impact on quality of life were evaluated through use of an online questionnaire made available on social networks. RESULTS: We obtained a prevalence rate of 46.6% in a sample of 696 women, with 324 participants reporting urine leakage, that is, urinary incontinence. The risk factors identified were the presence of urinary leakage before pregnancy, during pregnancy, type of delivery and age over 34 years. The frequency of urine leakage is associated with a lower quality of life. Even losing urine once a week was found to have a major impact on quality of life by 18.8% of women. However, when urine loss occurs several times a day, the impact is more significant, showing that 63.6% consider it a great impact on quality of life. CONCLUSION: This thesis allowed the validation of two important instruments for the clinic and for research in this area. The results obtained in this study allowed us to conclude that the prevalence of urinary incontinence found in the postpartum period corroborates the existing evidence that this condition is a health problem that needs to be addressed in the practice of care. Urinary incontinence has a significant impact on women's quality of life, particularly in terms of their relationship with their partner, sex life and psychological wellbeing.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem Incontinência urinária Mulheres Qualidade de vida Pós-parto Nursing Urinary incontinence Women Quality of life Postpartum